Background: Dental caries is a chronic, infectious and preventable disease that is very common around the world. It has been observed that dental caries affect not only the majority of adults but also 60% to 90% of children. Permanent first molars (PFM) are the most commonly decayed teeth observed in children. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the decayed, missing filled teeth (DMFT) scores of PFMs in the early post-eruptive stage, within the scope of the United Nations Agenda for 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, thereby raising awareness for the prevention and treatment of permanent tooth decay. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in Erzurum between the years 2015–2016 by collecting data from children aged 7–10 years (17,208). In addition to the decayed, filled and missing data of the students’ 6-year-molars, their ages, genders, frequencies of both tooth brushing and dental office visits were evaluated. The relationship between the variables was analyzed with chi-square. Result: The present study analyzed the data of a total of 11,457 children, 5704 girls and 5753 boys with a mean age of 8.74 ± 1.18. There was a statistically significant difference between the PFMs 16, 26, 36 and 46 regarding the number of healthy, decayed, missing and restored teeth (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of caries in the PFMs of children aged 7–10 years was 15.9% and the mean DMFT was 0.79 ± 1.39. This result showed that PFMs might develop carious lesions and even be lost within three years in the early post-eruptive stage.

While the effect of biomaterials covering the pulp tissue is considered in the success of pulpotomy treatment, the level of pulpal inflammation is still very important for treatment success. The aim of this study was to compare IL-6 and IL-8 levels, known as good indicators of pulpal inflammation, with a new biomarker, presepsin, and to evaluate the impact of biomarker levels along with the pulp capping agents used in the treatment on the one-year success of pulpotomy treatment. The study included 120 primary second molar teeth with pulpotomy indications from 75 children. To determine the pulpal inflammation status, pulpal bleeding samples were taken during treatment, and the levels of IL-6, IL-8, and presepsin were measured. During the pulpotomy treatment, MTA, NeoMTA™, and Biodentine™, and ZOE were randomly applied to groups of thirty teeth each. Patients were monitored for a period of 12 months post-treatment. IL-8, IL-6, and presepsin levels were significantly higher in teeth with pathology (p < 0.001). Biomarker levels were found to be higher in the NeoMTA and Biodentine groups, but this did not result in a statistically significant difference. (p > 0.05) Following pulpotomy treatment, the most successful material groups in order were MTA, ZOE, NeoMTA™, and Biodentine™. Presepsin may be a usable indicator in predicting the level of inflammation. At the end of the one-year follow-up of pulpotomy treatment, more pathology was observed in the NeoMTA and Biodentine groups, where biomarker levels were higher, while no pathology was found in the MTA group, where biomarker levels were lower. NCT06398327/ 20,240,503.

Aim: The radiopacity of dental materials is crucial for assessing the radiographic success of restorations and can significantly influence clinicians' choice of materials. The objective of our study is to compare the radiopacity of five fissure sealants with that of compomer, composite, glass ionomer filling, and dental hard tissues using digital imaging techniques. Material and Method: Five different fissure sealants (Fuji Triage, BeautiSealant, Grandio Seal, Helioseal F Plus, Embrace Wetbond), compomer (Compoglass F), composite (Solare X), and glass ionomer filling (Equa Forte) materials were prepared as 5 samples each in disk form with a thickness of 2 mm. As controls, sections of primary and permanent teeth with a thickness of 2 mm, along with an aluminum step wedge were utilized. The mean gray values of the samples were measured using Image J software, and the equivalent aluminum thickness was subsequently determined. Statistics analysis using Kruskal-Wallis test at p Grandio Seal (3.9±0.2) = permanent tooth enamel (3.7±0.2) = Embrace Wetbond (3.6±0.6) = primary tooth enamel (3.6±0.3) = BeautiSealent (2.1±0.3) > Helioseal F Plus (1.1±0) (p Solare X (4.7±0.3) = Equa Forte (4.4±0.4) = permanent tooth enamel (3.7±0.2) = primary tooth enamel (3.6±0.3) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Materials like Fuji Triage and Compoglass F exhibit high radiopacity values, which can significantly aid clinical monitoring and restoration success.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate changes in dentin bonding caused by the expiry of shelf life of five universal bond systems. Methodology: According to the manufacturer’s instructions, both expired and non-expired samples of five universal bond agents [Prime&Bond (Dentsply), Solare Bond (GC), OptiBond (Kerr), Clearfil S Bond (Kuraray), and G-Premio Bond (GC)] were applied to 10 human teeth. Composite blocks measuring 4–5 mm in thickness were then created on the teeth following the application of the bond. The teeth were cut to obtain samples in the form of square sectioned rods approximately 1.0 × 1.0 mm in width and 8–9 mm in length. These samples were then subjected to microtensile bond strength testing, and the results were statistically analyzed (p<0.05). Results: When evaluating the difference in microtensile bond strength between expired and non-expired adhesive agent groups of the same brand at different shelf life stages, there was a significant decrease between the Kerr, Clearfil, and G-Premio groups (p0.05). When microtensile bond strength values were assessed among different groups based on shelf life, no significant difference was observed (p>0.05). Among expired adhesive agents, Solare exhibited the highest microtensile bond strength, while among non-expired adhesive agents, G-Premio showed the highest microtensile bond strength. Conclusion: Universal bond systems should be used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions under appropriate storage conditions and considering the shelf life. However, it has been shown that there is no difference in bond strength of universal bond systems within the first six months following the expiration date indicated; they can be used during this period if stored under appropriate conditions. How to cite this article: Bas A, Çelikel P. Evaluation of the effect of shelf life of different universal bond systems on dentin bonding. Int Dent Res. 2024;14(3):129-134. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.579

The polymerization extent of resin cement used for bonding indirect restorations is contingent upon the light transmittance of the indirect restoration materials and the light intensity of the employed light device. The temperature increase during the polymerization of these resin cements via light is a critical factor in preserving pulp health. The present study aimed to assess the optical properties of different thicknesses of indirect restorative materials such as feldspathic ceramics [Vitablocs Mark II, (VBM)], indirect composites [Gradia, (GRA)] and 3D printing resins [VarseoSmile Crown Plus, (VSC)] and the temperature rise on the undersurface of the materials during LED light application. The irradiance loss, absorbance, and absorbance coefficient values of three indirect restorative materials (VBM, GRA, and VSC) with four different thicknesses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm) were analyzed. A Valo Cordless (Ultradent, USA) LED light device was used as the light source. Light transmittance was measured using a radiometer, and the averages were recorded. The temperature variation (Δt) was recorded using a K-type thermocouple during light application. Data were statistically analyzed at a significance level of 0.05. It was revealed that irradiance loss and absorption values increased, and absorption coefficient values decreased with the increase in thickness in the material groups. The irradiance loss values for VBM and GRA were comparable across all thicknesses. The irradiance loss value for the VSC group was comparable to that of the GRA group and distinct from the VBM group across all thicknesses, except at 0.5 mm (p < 0.05). The assessment of thickness and material groups regarding temperature increase revealed that temperature differential values diminished with more thickness, although no significant difference was seen between the groups (p > 0.05). The absorbance and irradiance loss values of indirect restorative materials escalated with greater thickness, particularly in the VSC group. The efficacy of light-polymerized resin cements may be negatively impacted; therefore, it is advisable to prolong the curing duration for thicker materials. Moreover, as the thickness grows, the thermal exposure of the materials diminishes, resulting in a reduced danger to pulp health.