The combination of artificial intelligence, 5G technology, and cloud computing has altered energy conversion processes, most notably the use of agricultural waste for sustainable energy generation. This book chapter digs into AI, 5G, and cloud computing research and development for efficient energy conversion, environmental concerns, and the viability of agricultural waste as a renewable energy resource. AI technologies provide real-time monitoring and control, while cloud computing enables data analytics and optimization. The synergistic method increases the efficiency of energy conversion, predictability, flexibility, optimization, grid integration, energy storage, and cost reduction. Compatibility, data security, and financial sustainability, on the other hand, must be addressed. The chapter emphasises the importance of this integrated strategy in addressing global energy and environmental challenges.

This chapter investigates the conversion of wastewater into sustainable energy through the use of novel methods such as anaerobic digestion, microbial fuel cells, geothermal desalination, and internet of things (IoT) integration. It underlines the significance of wastewater treatment and energy sustainability, as well as the need for cost-effective solutions. IoT for real-time data collecting, analysis, and control can help with sustainable wastewater treatment and energy generation. Anaerobic digestion generates biogas, whereas microbial fuel cells convert organic molecules into energy. Geothermal desalination provides low-cost energy efficiency. IoT technology enhances performance, lowers energy consumption, and allows for remote monitoring and maintenance, all of which contribute to a more sustainable and resilient future.

The aluminum metal matrix composites were broadly exploited in the applications of automotive, aerospace, and other defense with functionally graded materials-related application. Above applications definitely required excellent mechanical characteristics. Therefore, in this way, the major attempt was made on the nano-based composites with aluminum alloy utilization. In this research, aluminum alloy AA8011 and the ceramic-based reinforcement particles of nano boron carbide (B₄C) were selected for producing the metal matrix composites by the liquefying process or stir casting route. The weight percentage of nano boron carbide particles having 15wt was subjected to add into the aluminum alloy during the stir casting process. Then, processed nano boron carbide and AA8011 specimens were prepared to conduct tribological behaviors with various processing conditions like sliding velocity, setting wear temperature, and applied load by the tribometer setup. The scanning electron microscope was employed to examine the processed composites samples and worn-out surface samples. Finally, the multiobjective optimization was used to measure the individual performances of the tribological parameters by the gray relational technique.

Most studies on the application of natural fibers as reinforcement in polymer composites are growing as a result of the changes in characteristics that fibers can provide for the product. This can be achieved by manufacturing of composites using Hand Layup process. The 2% NaOH fiber treatment was performed to improve fiber-matrix interfaces making spathe- fibre-reinforced composites better mechanical characteristics. Filler loadings as 5% by volume of coir fiber are selected as reinforcement in composites. The varying lengths of fiber chosen as 5mm, 10mm & 15mm and resin-hardner ratio are maintained as 10:0.8. A total 3 numbers of plates with volume as 300 х 300 х 4 mm3 were produced and specimens as per the various ASTM standard were tested to determine the ultimate various Mechanical properties for different configuration. The strength of epoxy resin / coir fiber composites was noticed at a maximum 15 mm (15.27 N / mm2) fiber length. The maximum impact strength of the charpy was also 15 mm fiber length (9.87 kJ / m2).The Experimental results were validated using a numerical method technique in FEA software. The obtained results by experimentation and Finite Element Analysis are very much closer to each other. The results show good mechanical properties and hint us as a replacement for conventional materials in industrial applications.

Pulsed laser deposition is a technique that is capable of producing high quality multicomponent films under a broad range of ambient conditions. This technique has been widely used to grow thin films of numerous compounds. In particular, it enables the growth of films in reactive environments such as oxygen and nitrogen. Pulsed laser deposition of novel oxides such as cerium oxide (CeO₂), Gd doped cerium oxide (GDC) and La–Sr–Ga–Mg–O (LSGM) on (111) Si, (100) MgO, (100) YSZ and (012) sapphire substrates is demonstrated. A systematic study on the influence of the substrate temperature and substrate orientation on the growth characteristics of these oxides is reported.

We report here the dynamic stability of functionally graded sandwich (FGSW) rotating cantilever Timoshenko beams under parametric excitation. Power law with various indices as well as exponential law were used to find out the properties along the thickness of the FGSW beam. The stability boundaries were established using Floquet’s theory. The equation of motion was governed by Hamilton’s principle and solved by Finite element method. The power index was optimized for uniform variation of shear modulus along the thickness of FGSW beam.The shear modulus variation along the thickness of the FGSW beam was compared both by power law and exponential law.It has been confirmed that the Exponential distribution of constituent phases renders better stability compared to power law distribution of the phases in the functionally graded material(FGM).