Post-harvest anthracnose significantly affects the yield and quality of mangoes. In this study, an antagonist bacterium, GX0002980, with strong inhibitory effect against Colletotrichum gloesporioides , the pathogen of mango anthracnose, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of plants. Based on morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests, and 16S rRNA gene and gyrB gene sequencing analysis, the strain was identified as Bacillus velezensis . Strain GX0002980 exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial capabilities, and its volatile substances and sterile fermentation filtrate also demonstrate antagonistic effects against C. gloesporioides . This strain can produce antimicrobial substances that inhibit pathogen growth, such as amylase, cellulase, protease, pectinase, and siderophores, and has plant-growth-promoting characteristics, such as nitrogen fixation, NH ₃ production, and phosphate solubilization. Whole-genome sequencing results show that the genome size of GX0002980 is 3,907,381 bp with a guanine and cytosine content of 47.44%. The antiSMASH analysis predicts 14 antimicrobial biosynthesis gene clusters within the GX0002980 genome, including surfactin, fengycin, bacilysin, macrolactin H, bacillaene, difficidin, and bacillibactin. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the antimicrobial active substances secreted by GX0002980 include surfactin, bacilysin, butirosin A, and more. Strain GX0002980 has an in vitro control efficiency of 52% against mango anthracnose, and it can effectively suppress the occurrence of post-harvest diseases in mangoes, extending their storage time. In conclusion, B. velezensis GX0002980 possesses multiple biocontrol mechanisms and has potential for application in the biological control of mango anthracnose. IMPORTANCE: Bacillus velezensis GX0002980 showed biocontrol potential against Colletotrichum gloesporioides , a causative agent of mango anthracnose. B. velezensis GX0002980 produces a variety of secondary metabolites with antibacterial properties. Whole-genome sequencing revealed potential active metabolite synthesis gene clusters of B. velezensis GX0002980. B. velezensis GX0002980 has a significant effect on the control of post-harvest disease in mango fruits.

Background: Phyllotreta striolata (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a major pest of cruciferous crops worldwide, with high resistance to chemical insecticides, resulting in severe economic losses. Conventional chemical control measures have limited efficacy, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable biocontrol strategies. Results: This review evaluates various biocontrol strategies, including fungal and bacterial pathogens, nematodes, pheromone-based control methods, and emerging technologies such as RNA interference (RNAi) and gene cloning. While these approaches show potential in laboratory and field trials, their effectiveness is constrained by factors such as environmental adaptability, cost, and pest resistance. Additionally, this review highlights the crucial role of integrated pest management (IPM) in the sustainable control of P. striolata. Conclusion: This review underscores the necessity of optimizing biocontrol strategies and suggests that integrating biocontrol, genetic technologies, and IPM could offer a more effective and sustainable solution for P. striolata management. Future research should focus on enhancing the stability and scalability of these technologies to promote environmentally friendly pest control.