Dyslipidemia is a condition of abnormalities in blood lipids, such as increased LDL and decreased HDL. Exposure to intracellular static magnetic fields (SMFs) can affect membranes to modulate the number of Ca²⁺ ions, which can affect cell biological effects. Increasing the number of Ca²⁺ ions will affect the expression of genes that help reduce LDL levels as an indicator of CHD. This study aims to see whether the influence of SMFs can affect calcium levels, lipid profiles, SREBP-2 protein excretion, and LDLR gene expression, which affects the process of breaking down cholesterol. We used obese C57BL/6J male mice divided into standard and HFD feed groups. The HFD feed group was split into Obes0, Obes2, Obes7, Obes14, and Obes21 groups based on the day of exposure. The exposure was carried out with an intensity of Bmax = 2 mT for 1 h daily. After exposure to SMFs, there were changes in blood cholesterol and LDL levels, which tended to decrease in the Obes2 and Obes7 groups and increase in the Obes14 and Obes21 groups. In addition, the exposed group tended to have an increase in the expression of the LDLR gene, SREBP-2 protein, and calcium ion compared to the control. Although it managed to increase after exposure on days 14 and 21, there was a decrease in the expression of the LDLR gene and SREBP-2 protein; hence, the effect of SMF exposure can reduce the risk of CHD. However, research still needs to be done regarding the effective duration of exposure.

Objectives: This study investigates the effects of 2 mT static magnetic field (SMF) exposure for 1 h on the expression of Stim1 and Itpr3 genes in hepatic cells of obese mice. By examining these critical regulators of calcium (Ca2+) signaling and cellular metabolism, the research aims to elucidate the role of SMF in modulating molecular pathways essential for Ca2+ homeostasis and metabolic regulation in the context of obesity. Materials and Methods: Liver samples were obtained from C57BL/6J mice and preserved in RNALater. The samples were divided into two main groups: the control group, which received a standard diet, and the obese group, which was exposed to a high-fat diet. Furthermore, the obese group was stratified based on the duration of SMF exposure, including intervals of 0, 2, 7, 14, and 21 days (1 h per day with an intensity of Bmax = 2 mT). Statistical tests were conducted with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The research findings highlighted a noteworthy increase in the relative expression of Stim1 and Itpr3 among obese mice exposed to SMF for 7 days (obe7) and those exposed for 14 days (obe14) in comparison to the obese group without SMF exposure. Both the obe7 and obe14 groups exhibited no significant difference in relative Stim1 expression when compared to the non-obese group. However, in terms of Itpr3 expression, the obe14 group did not show a significant difference from the non-obese mouse group. The results of the correlation analysis unveiled a substantial and robust correlation between the relative expression of Stim1 and Itpr3 (r = 0.627, p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest a potential link between SMF exposure, the expression of Ca2+ regulatory genes, and the intricate pathways involved in obesity-related molecular responses.

PEMF is a method that utilizes electric current using a coil that is powered by dynamic electric current, it will cause a dynamic magnetic field in the coil. In the last few decades, it is known that PEMF has the potential to be used as a modality in the treatment of obesity. For this reason, PEMFs have been studied in vitro as their effect in inhibiting the adipogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC). But the use of PEMF therapy in inhibiting adipogenesis still has many challenges. Understanding of the mechanisms that occur in cells that are exposed to PEMF is also still very slight. This article reviews the studies that investigated in vitro effect of PEMF in inhibiting adipogenesis studies and the underlying mechanism. In the future, it is hoped that this review can be used as a basic reference for in vivo research and clinical trials related to inhibiting adipogenesis using PEMF.