Ionogels is a kind of hybrid materials composed of ionic liquids (ILs) and solid polymer network matrix, has been extensively investigated in the most recent decade. Due to the excellent mechanical properties and ionic conductivity, their promising applications in flexible stress and strain sensors have been proposed and explosively developed. In this review, we briefly summarize research progresses on ionogel based flexible stress and strain sensors (IFSSs) from five aspects, including material synthesis, device fabrication, working principles, characteristics and performances, and potential applications. Some outlooks and perspectives are also proposed at the end of review. The review is expected to provide reference and new insights into the research of IFSS. Graphical abstract

In recent years, core–shell composite particles with organic polymer as the core and inorganic SiO₂ as the shell have attracted widespread attention and prompted robust scientific endeavors. The encapsulation of SiO₂ can endow the polymer core with a variety of important properties, and is of great significance for the synthesis of multi–functional materials, having favorable application prospects in coating, polishing, medical, optical, magnetic, lubrication and other fields. In this paper, the recent advances in the preparation of core–shell polymer@SiO₂ composite particles are reviewed. From the perspective of interface bonding mechanisms between the core and the shell, this paper mainly focused on the following five aspects: Pickering stabilization, acid–base interaction, charge interaction, bridging of coupling agent, hydrogen bonding, and other actions. Additionally, applications of core–shell polymer@SiO₂ particles are also discussed. It is expected that this article can provide scientific guidance for the preparation of polymer@SiO₂ core–shell particles, further enriching their species and broadening their applications.

The present study investigated the effect of TiB₂ on the tribological properties of CuSn10Bi3 bimetallic bearing materials. CuSn10Bi3 samples with different contents of TiB₂ were fabricated by powder sintering technology. Their metallographic structures and tribological characteristics under different working conditions were analyzed and compared. The results showed that TiB₂ refined the copper alloy grains, passivated the grain boundary edges, and reduced the surface porosity of the sample. When the content of TiB₂ was 1%, the wear rate under different oil conditions (oil-rich, oilless, and dry friction) was reduced by 42–95%. The sharp decrease in the wear rate was attributed to the enhancement of the micrograin structure of the copper alloy matrix material by TiB₂ hard particles with antiwear properties and the high hardness and high wear resistance of TiB₂. The wear tracks were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and it was concluded that the addition of TiB₂ enhanced the wear resistance.