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Dr. Petra Pötschke
Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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0 electrical properties
0 thermoelectric materials
0 polymers processing
0 Electromagnetic shielding

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Blends
electrical properties
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thermoelectric materials

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Short Biography

Petra Pötschke received her doctoral degree in mechanical engineering in 1988 from the Technische Universität Dresden, Germany. Since then, she has held several positions as research scientist in the field of polymers, polymer blends, and nanocomposites at the Institute of Technology of Polymers and the Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research in Dresden, Germany. Based on a Max-Kade Foundation grant, she worked in 2000-01 with Prof. Donald R. Paul (Chemical Engineering Department, University of Texas at Austin, USA) on multiphase blends. Since then she has focused on carbon nanoparticle-filled composites and their antistatic, sensor, thermoelectric, and thermal management applications.

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Journal article
Published: 28 April 2021 in Nanomaterials
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The present study investigates how the formation of melt-mixed immiscible blends based on PA6/SAN and PA6/PMMA filled with single walled nanotubes (SWCNTs) affects the thermoelectric (TE) properties. In addition to the detailed investigation of the blend morphology with compositions between 100/0 wt.% and 50/50 wt.%, the thermoelectric properties are investigated on blends with different SWCNT concentrations (0.25–3.0 wt.%). Both PA6 and the blend composites with the used type of SWCNTs showed negative Seebeck coefficients. It was shown that the PA6 matrix polymer, in which the SWCNTs are localized, mainly influenced the thermoelectric properties of blends with high SWCNT contents. By varying the blend composition, an increase in the absolute Seebeck coefficient, power factor (PF), and figure of merit (ZT) was achieved compared to the PA6 composite which is mainly related to the selective localization and enrichment of SWCNTs in the PA6 matrix at constant SWCNT loading. The maximum PFs achieved were 0.22 µW/m·K2 for PA6/SAN/SWCNT 70/30/3 wt.% and 0.13 µW/m·K2 for PA6/PMMA/SWCNT 60/40/3 wt.% compared to 0.09 µW/m·K2 for PA6/3 wt.% SWCNT which represent increases to 244% and 144%, respectively. At higher PMMA or SAN concentration, the change from matrix-droplet to a co-continuous morphology started, which, despite higher SWCNT enrichment in the PA6 matrix, disturbed the electrical conductivity, resulting in reduced PFs with still increasing Seebeck coefficients. At SWCNT contents between 0.5 and 3 wt.% the increase in the absolute Seebeck coefficient was compensated by lower electrical conductivity resulting in lower PF and ZT as compared to the PA6 composites.

ACS Style

Beate Krause; Alice Liguoro; Petra Pötschke. Blend Structure and n-Type Thermoelectric Performance of PA6/SAN and PA6/PMMA Blends Filled with Singlewalled Carbon Nanotubes. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 1146 .

AMA Style

Beate Krause, Alice Liguoro, Petra Pötschke. Blend Structure and n-Type Thermoelectric Performance of PA6/SAN and PA6/PMMA Blends Filled with Singlewalled Carbon Nanotubes. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (5):1146.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beate Krause; Alice Liguoro; Petra Pötschke. 2021. "Blend Structure and n-Type Thermoelectric Performance of PA6/SAN and PA6/PMMA Blends Filled with Singlewalled Carbon Nanotubes." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5: 1146.

Journal article
Published: 15 March 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Polylactic acid (PLA) is a bio-based, biodegradable polymer that presents high potential for biomedical and sensing applications. Ongoing works reported in the literature concern mainly applications based on 3D printing, while textile applications are hindered by the limited flexibility of PLA and its composite filaments. In the present work, PLA/multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite filaments were produced with enhanced flexibility and electrical conductivity, which may be applied on a textile structure. A biodegradable plasticizer was incorporated in the nanocomposites, aiming at improving MWCNT dispersion and increasing the flexibility of the filaments. Filaments were produced with a range of compositions and their morphology was characterized as well as their thermal, thermomechanical, and electrical properties. Selected compositions were tested for sensing activity using saturated acetone vapor, demonstrating a suitable response and potential for the application in fabrics with sensing capacity.

ACS Style

Mariana Silva; Paulo Lopes; Yilong Li; Petra Pötschke; Fernando Ferreira; Maria Paiva. Polylactic Acid/Carbon Nanoparticle Composite Filaments for Sensing. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 2580 .

AMA Style

Mariana Silva, Paulo Lopes, Yilong Li, Petra Pötschke, Fernando Ferreira, Maria Paiva. Polylactic Acid/Carbon Nanoparticle Composite Filaments for Sensing. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (6):2580.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mariana Silva; Paulo Lopes; Yilong Li; Petra Pötschke; Fernando Ferreira; Maria Paiva. 2021. "Polylactic Acid/Carbon Nanoparticle Composite Filaments for Sensing." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6: 2580.

Paper
Published: 08 March 2021 in Nanoscale Advances
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Electronic devices and modern communication networks have enhanced electromagnetic (EM) pollution, necessitating finding robust alternate materials to suppress it.

ACS Style

Kumari Sushmita; Petr Formanek; Dieter Fischer; Petra Pötschke; Giridhar Madras; Suryasarathi Bose. Ultrathin structures derived from interfacially modified polymeric nanocomposites to curb electromagnetic pollution. Nanoscale Advances 2021, 3, 2632 -2648.

AMA Style

Kumari Sushmita, Petr Formanek, Dieter Fischer, Petra Pötschke, Giridhar Madras, Suryasarathi Bose. Ultrathin structures derived from interfacially modified polymeric nanocomposites to curb electromagnetic pollution. Nanoscale Advances. 2021; 3 (9):2632-2648.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kumari Sushmita; Petr Formanek; Dieter Fischer; Petra Pötschke; Giridhar Madras; Suryasarathi Bose. 2021. "Ultrathin structures derived from interfacially modified polymeric nanocomposites to curb electromagnetic pollution." Nanoscale Advances 3, no. 9: 2632-2648.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in Molecules
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Co-continuous blend systems of polycarbonate (PC), poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN), commercial non-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) or various types of commercial and laboratory functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and a reactive component (RC, N-phenylmaleimide styrene maleic anhydride copolymer) were melt compounded in one step in a microcompounder. The blend system is immiscible, while the RC is miscible with SAN and contains maleic anhydride groups that have the potential to reactively couple with functional groups on the surface of the nanotubes. The influence of the RC on the localization of MWCNTs and SWCNTs (0.5 wt.%) was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-filtered TEM. In PC/SAN blends without RC, MWCNTs are localized in the PC component. In contrast, in PC/SAN-RC, the MWCNTs localize in the SAN-RC component, depending on the RC concentration. By adjusting the MWCNT/RC ratio, the localization of the MWCNTs can be tuned. The SWCNTs behave differently compared to the MWCNTs in PC/SAN-RC blends and their localization occurs either only in the PC or in both blend components, depending on the type of the SWCNTs. CNT defect concentration and surface functionalities seem to be responsible for the localization differences.

ACS Style

Marén Gültner; Regine Boldt; Petr Formanek; Dieter Fischer; Frank Simon; Petra Pötschke. The Localization Behavior of Different CNTs in PC/SAN Blends Containing a Reactive Component. Molecules 2021, 26, 1312 .

AMA Style

Marén Gültner, Regine Boldt, Petr Formanek, Dieter Fischer, Frank Simon, Petra Pötschke. The Localization Behavior of Different CNTs in PC/SAN Blends Containing a Reactive Component. Molecules. 2021; 26 (5):1312.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marén Gültner; Regine Boldt; Petr Formanek; Dieter Fischer; Frank Simon; Petra Pötschke. 2021. "The Localization Behavior of Different CNTs in PC/SAN Blends Containing a Reactive Component." Molecules 26, no. 5: 1312.

Research article
Published: 08 January 2021 in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
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As the field of 3D printing continues to enable the fabrication of biomedical materials and devices, there is increasing demand for the development of biocompatible functional materials with tailorable properties. Here, we utilized a desktop 3D printer to fabricate porous structures of electrically conductive polymer composites comprised of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in a matrix of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). PHB is a biocompatible, biodegradable, and piezoelectric polymer. The MWCNTs were melt-mixed in amounts from 0.25 to 5 wt % in PHB from two different suppliers with slightly different physical properties. The nanomaterial dispersion, morphology, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, and the crystallization behavior of both types of composites were investigated. A good dispersion at the macro- and microscale was observed in both types of composites. Electrical percolation threshold ranges of 0.25–0.5 wt % and 0.5–0.75 wt % were found for composites made with the two different types of PHB. The addition of MWCNTs resulted in an increase of Young’s modulus and decrease of strain at break for both composites. The processability of the materials was demonstrated by 3D printing both stretchable meandering conductive traces and well-defined pore structure scaffolds. Biocompatibility tests were performed with MRC-5 cells and showed that the materials lack cytotoxicity. These results show the potential of these electrically conductive materials for use in biomedical electronic devices or as electro-active scaffolds for tissue regeneration applications, which require biocompatible, porous materials with microscaled architectures.

ACS Style

Li Dan; Qiuli Cheng; Ravin Narain; Beate Krause; Petra Pötschke; Anastasia Elias. Three-Dimensional Printed and Biocompatible Conductive Composites Comprised of Polyhydroxybutyrate and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2021, 60, 885 -897.

AMA Style

Li Dan, Qiuli Cheng, Ravin Narain, Beate Krause, Petra Pötschke, Anastasia Elias. Three-Dimensional Printed and Biocompatible Conductive Composites Comprised of Polyhydroxybutyrate and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2021; 60 (2):885-897.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li Dan; Qiuli Cheng; Ravin Narain; Beate Krause; Petra Pötschke; Anastasia Elias. 2021. "Three-Dimensional Printed and Biocompatible Conductive Composites Comprised of Polyhydroxybutyrate and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 60, no. 2: 885-897.

Journal article
Published: 15 December 2020 in Polymers
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In the present study, melt-mixed composites based of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and fillers with different aspect ratios (carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon black (CB)) and their mixtures in composites were investigated whereby compression-molded plates were compared with melt-extruded films. The processing-related orientation of CNTs with a high aspect ratio leads to direction-dependent electrical and mechanical properties, which can be reduced by using mixed filler systems with the low aspect ratio CB. An upscaling of melt mixing from small scale to laboratory scale was carried out. From extruded materials, films were prepared down to a thickness of 50 µm by cast film extrusion under variation of the processing parameters. By combining CB and CNTs in PVDF, especially the electrical conductivity through the film could be increased compared to PVDF/CNT composites due to additional contact points in the sample thickness. The alignment of the fillers in the two directions within the films was deduced from the differences in electrical and mechanical film properties, which showed higher values in the extrusion direction than perpendicular to it.

ACS Style

Beate Krause; Karina Kunz; Bernd Kretzschmar; Ines Kühnert; Petra Pötschke. Effect of Filler Synergy and Cast Film Extrusion Parameters on Extrudability and Direction-Dependent Conductivity of PVDF/Carbon Nanotube/Carbon Black Composites. Polymers 2020, 12, 2992 .

AMA Style

Beate Krause, Karina Kunz, Bernd Kretzschmar, Ines Kühnert, Petra Pötschke. Effect of Filler Synergy and Cast Film Extrusion Parameters on Extrudability and Direction-Dependent Conductivity of PVDF/Carbon Nanotube/Carbon Black Composites. Polymers. 2020; 12 (12):2992.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beate Krause; Karina Kunz; Bernd Kretzschmar; Ines Kühnert; Petra Pötschke. 2020. "Effect of Filler Synergy and Cast Film Extrusion Parameters on Extrudability and Direction-Dependent Conductivity of PVDF/Carbon Nanotube/Carbon Black Composites." Polymers 12, no. 12: 2992.

Journal article
Published: 08 December 2020 in Batteries
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A hermetic dense polymer-carbon composite-based current collector foil (PCCF) for lithium-ion battery applications was developed and evaluated in comparison to state-of-the-art aluminum (Al) foil collector. Water-processed LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LMNO) cathode and Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) anode coatings with the integration of a thin carbon primer at the interface to the collector were prepared. Despite the fact that the laboratory manufactured PCCF shows a much higher film thickness of 55 µm compared to Al foil of 19 µm, the electrode resistance was measured to be by a factor of 5 lower compared to the Al collector, which was attributed to the low contact resistance between PCCF, carbon primer and electrode microstructure. The PCCF-C-primer collector shows a sufficient voltage stability up to 5 V vs. Li/Li+ and a negligible Li-intercalation loss into the carbon primer. Electrochemical cell tests demonstrate the applicability of the developed PCCF for LMNO and LTO electrodes, with no disadvantage compared to state-of-the-art Al collector. Due to a 50% lower material density, the lightweight and hermetic dense PCCF polymer collector offers the possibility to significantly decrease the mass loading of the collector in battery cells, which can be of special interest for bipolar battery architectures.

ACS Style

Marco Fritsch; Matthias Coeler; Karina Kunz; Beate Krause; Peter Marcinkowski; Petra Pötschke; Mareike Wolter; Alexander Michaelis. Lightweight Polymer-Carbon Composite Current Collector for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Batteries 2020, 6, 60 .

AMA Style

Marco Fritsch, Matthias Coeler, Karina Kunz, Beate Krause, Peter Marcinkowski, Petra Pötschke, Mareike Wolter, Alexander Michaelis. Lightweight Polymer-Carbon Composite Current Collector for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Batteries. 2020; 6 (4):60.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Fritsch; Matthias Coeler; Karina Kunz; Beate Krause; Peter Marcinkowski; Petra Pötschke; Mareike Wolter; Alexander Michaelis. 2020. "Lightweight Polymer-Carbon Composite Current Collector for Lithium-Ion Batteries." Batteries 6, no. 4: 60.

Accepted manuscript
Published: 25 November 2020 in Nano Express
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Electrochemically exfoliated graphene (eeG) layers possess a variety of potential applications, e.g. as susceptor material for contactless induction heating in dynamic electro-magnetic fields, and as flexible and transparent electrode or resistivity heating elements. Spray coating of eeG dispersions was investigated in detail as a simple and fast method to deposit both, thin conducting layers and ring structures on polycarbonate substrates. The spray coating process was examined by systematic variation of dispersion concentration and volume applied to heated substrates. Properties of the obtained layers were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, SEM and Confocal Scanning Microscopy. Electrical conductivity of eeG ring structures was measured using micro-four-point measurements. Modification of eeG with poly(dopamine) and post-thermal treatment yields in the reduction of the oxidized graphene proportion, an increase in electrical conductivity, and mechanical stabilization of the deposited thin layers. The chemical composition of modified eeG layer was analyzed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy pointing to the reductive behavior of poly(dopamine). Application oriented experiments demonstrate the direct electric current heating (Joule-Heating) effect of spray-coated eeG layers.

ACS Style

Toni Utech; Petra Pötschke; Frank Simon; Andreas Janke; Hannes Kettner; Maria Paiva; Cordelia Zimmerer. Bio-inspired deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene layers for electrical resistance heating applications. Nano Express 2020, 1, 030032 .

AMA Style

Toni Utech, Petra Pötschke, Frank Simon, Andreas Janke, Hannes Kettner, Maria Paiva, Cordelia Zimmerer. Bio-inspired deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene layers for electrical resistance heating applications. Nano Express. 2020; 1 (3):030032.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Toni Utech; Petra Pötschke; Frank Simon; Andreas Janke; Hannes Kettner; Maria Paiva; Cordelia Zimmerer. 2020. "Bio-inspired deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene layers for electrical resistance heating applications." Nano Express 1, no. 3: 030032.

Research article
Published: 28 September 2020 in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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This work describes a new concept of porous vapor sensor materials based on co-continuous polycarbonate/poly(vinylidene fluoride)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (PC/PVDF/MWCNT) blend composites. The blend composites were fabricated by melt mixing in a one-step mixing process, and the MWCNT containing component (here PC) was extracted, leaving a MWCNT network on the continuous surface of the remaining component (here PVDF). First, by selecting three PCs with different molecular weights, the blend viscosity ratio and blend fineness and interfacial area were varied. At the chosen blend composition of 40/60 wt %, the desired co-continuous structure was achieved with MWCNTs selectively localized in PC. The conductive polymer composites (CPCs) with low-viscosity PC had the highest conductivity due to a combination of the best MWCNT dispersion and the coarsest blend morphology. The vapor sensing of CPC sensor materials with 1 wt % MWCNT was tested using saturated vapors of dichloromethane, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, and ethyl acetate, showing good interaction with PC. The compact compression molded CPC materials with low-viscosity PC showed the lowest relative resistance changes (Rrel) during the cyclic sensing tests, but a better recovery compared to corresponding CPCs with medium and high viscosity PC. The porous CPC sensors showed remarkable vapor sensing performance compared to the corresponding compact sensors with better sensing stability, reproducibility, and reversibility. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that a fraction of the nanotubes remained on the surface of the continuous, nonsoluble PVDF after PC extraction. The porous sensor material from which the low-viscosity PC was extracted showed the highest Rrel (e.g., around 1300% after 100 s immersion in acetone vapor) compared to all other organic vapors investigated. The difference in vapor measurement between compact and porous sensor materials was attributed to the different sensing mechanisms of polymer swelling for the compact and vapor absorption on the free CNT networks for the porous samples.

ACS Style

Yilong Li; Yanjun Zheng; Jürgen Pionteck; Petra Pötschke; Brigitte Voit. Tuning the Structure and Performance of Bulk and Porous Vapor Sensors Based on Co-continuous Carbon Nanotube-Filled Blends of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) and Polycarbonates by Varying Melt Viscosity. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2020, 12, 1 .

AMA Style

Yilong Li, Yanjun Zheng, Jürgen Pionteck, Petra Pötschke, Brigitte Voit. Tuning the Structure and Performance of Bulk and Porous Vapor Sensors Based on Co-continuous Carbon Nanotube-Filled Blends of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) and Polycarbonates by Varying Melt Viscosity. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2020; 12 (40):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yilong Li; Yanjun Zheng; Jürgen Pionteck; Petra Pötschke; Brigitte Voit. 2020. "Tuning the Structure and Performance of Bulk and Porous Vapor Sensors Based on Co-continuous Carbon Nanotube-Filled Blends of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) and Polycarbonates by Varying Melt Viscosity." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 40: 1.

Journal article
Published: 31 August 2020 in Nanomaterials
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This paper reports on the preparation of cellulose/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) aerogels for use as chemical vapour sensors. Cellulose/rGO composite aerogels were prepared by dissolving cellulose and dispersing graphene oxide (GO) in aqueous NaOH/urea solution, followed by an in-situ reduction of GO to reduced GO (rGO) and lyophilisation. The vapour sensing properties of cellulose/rGO composite aerogels were investigated by measuring the change in electrical resistance during cyclic exposure to vapours with varying solubility parameters, namely water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, toluene, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and chloroform. The increase in resistance of aerogels on exposure to vapours is in the range of 7 to 40% with methanol giving the highest response. The sensing signal increases almost linearly with the vapour concentration, as tested for methanol. The resistance changes are caused by the destruction of the conductive filler network due to a combination of swelling of the cellulose matrix and adsorption of vapour molecules on the filler surfaces. This combined mechanism leads to an increased sensing response with increasing conductive filler content. Overall, fast reaction, good reproducibility, high sensitivity, and good differentiation ability between different vapours characterize the detection behaviour of the aerogels.

ACS Style

Yian Chen; Petra Pötschke; Jürgen Pionteck; Brigitte Voit; Haisong Qi. Aerogels Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide/Cellulose Composites: Preparation and Vapour Sensing Abilities. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 1729 .

AMA Style

Yian Chen, Petra Pötschke, Jürgen Pionteck, Brigitte Voit, Haisong Qi. Aerogels Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide/Cellulose Composites: Preparation and Vapour Sensing Abilities. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10 (9):1729.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yian Chen; Petra Pötschke; Jürgen Pionteck; Brigitte Voit; Haisong Qi. 2020. "Aerogels Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide/Cellulose Composites: Preparation and Vapour Sensing Abilities." Nanomaterials 10, no. 9: 1729.

Research article
Published: 25 August 2020 in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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In conductive polymer composites (CPCs), which can be used as both strain sensors and materials with self-diagnosis capabilities for structural health monitoring, the piezoresistive sensitivity can be tuned by changing the electrical filler network structure, mainly influenced by the conductive filler content. Typically, the electrical resistance increases exponentially with strain, and the piezoresistive sensitivity and linearity cannot be improved simultaneously. In this work, we report a facile method to tune the piezoresistive behavior of melt-mixed poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) / carbon nanotube (CNT, 0.75-2.0 wt%) composites using blending with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA, 5-30 wt%). PVDF and PMMA are completely miscible in the melt state regardless of the proportion. For PVDF-rich blends, the crystallization of PVDF induces separation of the PVDF crystal region from the miscible PVDF/PMMA amorphous blend part during the cooling process. Addition of PMMA tuned the piezoresistive strain behavior and improved the electrical conductivity and toughness at the same time. The PVDF/PMMA/CNT composites show higher sensitivity at low strains than their PVDF/CNT counterparts with comparable initial resistivity. For example, ΔR/R0 at 5% strain is 18.6% for the PVDF(80)/PMMA(20) blend containing 0.75 wt% CNT vs. 11.0% for PVDF containing 1 wt% CNT, both having a volume resistivity of around 104 Ω·cm. The PVDF/PMMA/CNT blend composites also show a less steep exponential increase in the sensing response at higher strains, indicating better linearity. These differences are due to the altered microstructure of the composites and the more homogeneous distribution of CNTs between the smaller and less numerous PVDF crystallites when PMMA is added. The concept of modifying the composite microstructure by adding another commercially available miscible polymer offers a simple and effective way to tune the piezoresistive behavior and improve mechanical properties of CPC sensor materials.

ACS Style

Xinlei Tang; Petra Pötschke; Jürgen Pionteck; Yilong Li; Petr Formanek; Brigitte Voit. Tuning the Piezoresistive Behavior of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)/Carbon Nanotube Composites Using Poly(Methyl Methacrylate). ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2020, 12, 43125 -43137.

AMA Style

Xinlei Tang, Petra Pötschke, Jürgen Pionteck, Yilong Li, Petr Formanek, Brigitte Voit. Tuning the Piezoresistive Behavior of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)/Carbon Nanotube Composites Using Poly(Methyl Methacrylate). ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2020; 12 (38):43125-43137.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xinlei Tang; Petra Pötschke; Jürgen Pionteck; Yilong Li; Petr Formanek; Brigitte Voit. 2020. "Tuning the Piezoresistive Behavior of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)/Carbon Nanotube Composites Using Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 38: 43125-43137.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2020 in Journal of Composites Science
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The increasing complexity of printed circuit boards (PCBs) due to miniaturization, increased the density of electronic components, and demanding thermal management during the assembly triggered the research of innovative solder pastes and electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs). Current commercial ECAs are typically based on epoxy matrices with a high load (>60%) of silver particles, generally in the form of microflakes. The present work reports the production of ECAs based on epoxy/carbon nanomaterials using carbon nanotubes (single and multi-walled) and exfoliated graphite, as well as hybrid compositions, within a range of concentrations. The composites were tested for morphology (dispersion of the conductive nanomaterials), electrical and thermal conductivity, rheological characteristics and deposition on a test PCB. Finally, the ECA’s shelf life was assessed by mixing all the components and conductive nanomaterials, and evaluating the cure of the resin before and after freezing for a time range up to nine months. The ECAs produced could be stored at −18 °C without affecting the cure reaction.

ACS Style

Paulo E. Lopes; Duarte Moura; Loic Hilliou; Beate Krause; Petra Pötschke; Hugo Figueiredo; Ricardo Alves; Emmanuel Lepleux; Louis Pacheco; Maria C. Paiva. Mixed Carbon Nanomaterial/Epoxy Resin for Electrically Conductive Adhesives. Journal of Composites Science 2020, 4, 105 .

AMA Style

Paulo E. Lopes, Duarte Moura, Loic Hilliou, Beate Krause, Petra Pötschke, Hugo Figueiredo, Ricardo Alves, Emmanuel Lepleux, Louis Pacheco, Maria C. Paiva. Mixed Carbon Nanomaterial/Epoxy Resin for Electrically Conductive Adhesives. Journal of Composites Science. 2020; 4 (3):105.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paulo E. Lopes; Duarte Moura; Loic Hilliou; Beate Krause; Petra Pötschke; Hugo Figueiredo; Ricardo Alves; Emmanuel Lepleux; Louis Pacheco; Maria C. Paiva. 2020. "Mixed Carbon Nanomaterial/Epoxy Resin for Electrically Conductive Adhesives." Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 3: 105.

Journal article
Published: 10 June 2020 in Nanomaterials
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In this work, composites based on epoxy resin and various carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were studied regarding their thermoelectric properties. The epoxy composites were prepared by infiltration of preformed CNT buckypapers. The influence of different types of CNTs on the Seebeck coefficient was investigated, namely lab-made and commercially available multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), lab-made nitrogen doped MWCNTs (N-MWCNT) and commercially available single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). It was found that only by varying the lab-made MWCNT content could both n- and p-type composites be produced with Seebeck coefficients between −9.5 and 3.1 µV/K. The incorporation of N-MWCNTs resulted in negative Seebeck coefficients of −11.4 to −17.4 µV/K. Thus, the Seebeck coefficient of pure SWCNT changed from 37.4 to −25.5 µV/K in the epoxy/1 wt. % SWCNT composite. A possible explanation for the shift in the Seebeck coefficient is the change of the CNTs Fermi level depending on the number of epoxy molecules on the CNT surface.

ACS Style

Katharina Kröning; Beate Krause; Petra Pötschke; Bodo Fiedler. Nanocomposites with p- and n-Type Conductivity Controlled by Type and Content of Nanotubes in Thermosets for Thermoelectric Applications. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 1 .

AMA Style

Katharina Kröning, Beate Krause, Petra Pötschke, Bodo Fiedler. Nanocomposites with p- and n-Type Conductivity Controlled by Type and Content of Nanotubes in Thermosets for Thermoelectric Applications. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10 (6):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katharina Kröning; Beate Krause; Petra Pötschke; Bodo Fiedler. 2020. "Nanocomposites with p- and n-Type Conductivity Controlled by Type and Content of Nanotubes in Thermosets for Thermoelectric Applications." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6: 1.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2020 in Polymer
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The state of dispersion of two types of graphite nanoplates, namely graphene nanoplates (GnPs) and expanded graphite (EG), in polycarbonate (PC)/poly(styrene-acrylonitrile) (SAN) = 60/40 wt% blends prepared with a two-stage melt-mixing approach is investigated and its influence on the melt rheological and electrical properties is evaluated. By using two different parameter sets in the first mixing step, different states of the filler dispersion are achieved in the PC. After mixing with SAN, the more stringent premixing conditions (higher mixing speed and longer mixing time) resulted in a lower proportion of visible graphitic structures. The EG achieved a better dispersion than the GnPs. The electrical conductivity is lower for each filler type when the samples show a better dispersion. On the other hand, a better dispersion led to a higher reinforcing effect (as observed in melt rheological studies). By determining the shear dilution exponent and applying the Eilers equation to the rheological results, the strengthening effect and the differences in the state of the filler dispersion between the two premixing conditions were evaluated.

ACS Style

Marco Liebscher; Jan Domurath; Marina Saphiannikova; Michael Thomas Müller; Gert Heinrich; Petra Pötschke. Dispersion of graphite nanoplates in melt mixed PC/SAN polymer blends and its influence on rheological and electrical properties. Polymer 2020, 200, 122577 .

AMA Style

Marco Liebscher, Jan Domurath, Marina Saphiannikova, Michael Thomas Müller, Gert Heinrich, Petra Pötschke. Dispersion of graphite nanoplates in melt mixed PC/SAN polymer blends and its influence on rheological and electrical properties. Polymer. 2020; 200 ():122577.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Liebscher; Jan Domurath; Marina Saphiannikova; Michael Thomas Müller; Gert Heinrich; Petra Pötschke. 2020. "Dispersion of graphite nanoplates in melt mixed PC/SAN polymer blends and its influence on rheological and electrical properties." Polymer 200, no. : 122577.

Journal article
Published: 12 May 2020 in Additive Manufacturing
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With applications in flexible electronics and soft robotics, the ability to fabricate elastic functional materials with complex geometries has become highly desirable. In this work, flexible thermoplastic polyurethane/multiwalled carbon nanotube (TPU-MWCNT) composites were printed using multi-material fused filament fabrication (FFF) to study their feasibility towards built-in sensing capabilities in soft robotics. The microstructure, electrical conductivity, capacitive sensing, and piezoresistive sensing of the printed samples were investigated. MWCNT content, print orientation, and layer height was found to be the most influential parameters on the electrical properties while the nozzle and bed temperatures showed insignificant impacts. Overall, the in-line and through-line conductivities were one order of magnitude higher than the through-layer conductivity. Once optimized process used, nanocomposites with 3 and 4 wt.%MWCNT showed repeatable and frequency independent conductivity behavior, reaching to a maximum value of 0.10 and 0.32 S/cm, respectively. A soft pneumatic actuator were then designed and printed out of TPU-MWCNT using the optimized process conditions. The built-in capacitive and piezoresistive sensing capabilities of the printed actuators were successfully demonstrated upon gripping contact and actuation at three different pressure levels. This work unveils the potential of integrating a variety of feedback sensors in robotic actuators through FFF process.

ACS Style

Cameron J. Hohimer; Gayaneh Petrossian; Amir Ameli; Changki Mo; Petra Pötschke. 3D printed conductive thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotube composites for capacitive and piezoresistive sensing in soft pneumatic actuators. Additive Manufacturing 2020, 34, 101281 .

AMA Style

Cameron J. Hohimer, Gayaneh Petrossian, Amir Ameli, Changki Mo, Petra Pötschke. 3D printed conductive thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotube composites for capacitive and piezoresistive sensing in soft pneumatic actuators. Additive Manufacturing. 2020; 34 ():101281.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cameron J. Hohimer; Gayaneh Petrossian; Amir Ameli; Changki Mo; Petra Pötschke. 2020. "3D printed conductive thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotube composites for capacitive and piezoresistive sensing in soft pneumatic actuators." Additive Manufacturing 34, no. : 101281.

Research article
Published: 16 April 2020 in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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Cellulose/reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Fe3O4 aerogels exhibiting strong electromagnetic wave absorption were prepared by a green, simple, and scalable co-precipitation process. With rGO loading of 8 wt% and Fe3O4 content of appr. 15 wt%, the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of the cellulose/rGO/Fe3O4 aerogel with 0.5 mm thickness reached 32.4-40.1dB at 8.2-12.4 GHz. The EMI shielding performance of cellulose/rGO/Fe3O4 aerogels was higher for larger rGO loading (varied between 3 and 8 wt%) and greatly improved by increasing the sample thickness (varied between 0.5 and 2 mm). At 2.0 mm thickness, SE values of 49.4-52.4 dB were reached. Absorption plays a major role in the EMI shielding mechanism for cellulose/rGO/Fe3O4 aerogels. The multireflection of microwaves and impedance matching provides the highly efficient EMI shielding caused by the combined effects of the porous structure, rGO sheets, and Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The results demonstrate that these lightweight aerogels are suitable for EMI shielding.

ACS Style

Yian Chen; Petra Pötschke; Jürgen Pionteck; Brigitte Voit; Haisong Qi. Multifunctional Cellulose/rGO/Fe3O4 Composite Aerogels for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2020, 12, 22088 -22098.

AMA Style

Yian Chen, Petra Pötschke, Jürgen Pionteck, Brigitte Voit, Haisong Qi. Multifunctional Cellulose/rGO/Fe3O4 Composite Aerogels for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2020; 12 (19):22088-22098.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yian Chen; Petra Pötschke; Jürgen Pionteck; Brigitte Voit; Haisong Qi. 2020. "Multifunctional Cellulose/rGO/Fe3O4 Composite Aerogels for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 19: 22088-22098.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2020 in Composites Part B: Engineering
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ACS Style

Jun Wang; Yasamin Kazemi; Sai Wang; Mahdi Hamidinejad; Mayesha B. Mahmud; Petra Pötschke; Chul B Park. Enhancing the electrical conductivity of PP/CNT nanocomposites through crystal-induced volume exclusion effect with a slow cooling rate. Composites Part B: Engineering 2020, 183, 1 .

AMA Style

Jun Wang, Yasamin Kazemi, Sai Wang, Mahdi Hamidinejad, Mayesha B. Mahmud, Petra Pötschke, Chul B Park. Enhancing the electrical conductivity of PP/CNT nanocomposites through crystal-induced volume exclusion effect with a slow cooling rate. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2020; 183 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun Wang; Yasamin Kazemi; Sai Wang; Mahdi Hamidinejad; Mayesha B. Mahmud; Petra Pötschke; Chul B Park. 2020. "Enhancing the electrical conductivity of PP/CNT nanocomposites through crystal-induced volume exclusion effect with a slow cooling rate." Composites Part B: Engineering 183, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2020 in Journal of Composites Science
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This study describes the application of multi-walled carbon nanotubes that were nitrogen-doped during their synthesis (N-MWCNTs) in melt-mixed polypropylene (PP) composites. Different types of N-MWCNTs, synthesized using different methods, were used and compared. Four of the five MWCNT grades showed negative Seebeck coefficients (S), indicating n-type charge carrier behavior. All prepared composites (with a concentration between 2 and 7.5 wt% N-MWCNTs) also showed negative S values, which in most cases had a higher negative value than the corresponding nanotubes. The S values achieved were between 1.0 μV/K and −13.8 μV/K for the N-MWCNT buckypapers or powders and between −4.7 μV/K and −22.8 μV/K for the corresponding composites. With a higher content of N-MWCNTs, the increase in electrical conductivity led to increasing values of the power factor (PF) despite the unstable behavior of the Seebeck coefficient. The highest power factor was achieved with 4 wt% N-MWCNT, where a suitable combination of high electrical conductivity and acceptable Seebeck coefficient led to a PF value of 6.1 × 10−3 µW/(m·K2). First experiments have shown that transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) is a useful tool to study the carrier transfer process in CNTs in composites and to correlate it with the Seebeck coefficient.

ACS Style

Beate Krause; Ioannis Konidakis; Mohammad Arjmand; Uttandaraman Sundararaj; Robert Fuge; Marco Liebscher; Silke Hampel; Maxim Klaus; Efthymis Serpetzoglou; Emmanuel Stratakis; Petra Pötschke. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube/Polypropylene Composites with Negative Seebeck Coefficient. Journal of Composites Science 2020, 4, 14 .

AMA Style

Beate Krause, Ioannis Konidakis, Mohammad Arjmand, Uttandaraman Sundararaj, Robert Fuge, Marco Liebscher, Silke Hampel, Maxim Klaus, Efthymis Serpetzoglou, Emmanuel Stratakis, Petra Pötschke. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube/Polypropylene Composites with Negative Seebeck Coefficient. Journal of Composites Science. 2020; 4 (1):14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beate Krause; Ioannis Konidakis; Mohammad Arjmand; Uttandaraman Sundararaj; Robert Fuge; Marco Liebscher; Silke Hampel; Maxim Klaus; Efthymis Serpetzoglou; Emmanuel Stratakis; Petra Pötschke. 2020. "Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube/Polypropylene Composites with Negative Seebeck Coefficient." Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 1: 14.

Journal article
Published: 15 January 2020 in Journal of Composites Science
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A suitable polymer matrix and well dispersed conducting fillers forming an electrically conducting network are the prime requisites for modern age electromagnetic shield designing. An effective polymer-based shield material is designed that can attenuate 99.9% of incident electromagnetic (EM) radiation at a minimum thickness of

ACS Style

Sourav Biswas; Tanyaradzwa S. Muzata; Beate Krause; Piotr Rzeczkowski; Petra Pötschke; Suryasarathi Bose. Does the Type of Polymer and Carbon Nanotube Structure Control the Electromagnetic Shielding in Melt-Mixed Polymer Nanocomposites? Journal of Composites Science 2020, 4, 9 .

AMA Style

Sourav Biswas, Tanyaradzwa S. Muzata, Beate Krause, Piotr Rzeczkowski, Petra Pötschke, Suryasarathi Bose. Does the Type of Polymer and Carbon Nanotube Structure Control the Electromagnetic Shielding in Melt-Mixed Polymer Nanocomposites? Journal of Composites Science. 2020; 4 (1):9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sourav Biswas; Tanyaradzwa S. Muzata; Beate Krause; Piotr Rzeczkowski; Petra Pötschke; Suryasarathi Bose. 2020. "Does the Type of Polymer and Carbon Nanotube Structure Control the Electromagnetic Shielding in Melt-Mixed Polymer Nanocomposites?" Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 1: 9.

Journal article
Published: 13 January 2020 in Energies
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Composites based on the matrix polymer polypropylene (PP) filled with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and boron-doped SWCNTs (B-SWCNTs) were prepared by melt-mixing to analyze the influence of boron doping of SWCNTs on the thermoelectric properties of these nanocomposites. It was found that besides a significantly higher Seebeck coefficient of B-SWCNT films and powder packages, the values for B-SWCNT incorporated in PP were higher than those for SWCNTs. Due to the higher electrical conductivity and the higher Seebeck coefficients of B-SWCNTs, the power factor (PF) and the figure of merit (ZT) were also higher for the PP/B-SWCNT composites. The highest value achieved in this study was a Seebeck coefficient of 59.7 µV/K for PP with 0.5 wt% B-SWCNT compared to 47.9 µV/K for SWCNTs at the same filling level. The highest PF was 0.78 µW/(m·K2) for PP with 7.5 wt% B-SWCNT. SWCNT macro- and microdispersions were found to be similar in both composite types, as was the very low electrical percolation threshold between 0.075 and 0.1 wt% SWCNT. At loadings between 0.5 and 2.0 wt%, B-SWCNT-based composites have one order of magnitude higher electrical conductivity than those based on SWCNT. The crystallization behavior of PP is more strongly influenced by B-SWCNTs since their composites have higher crystallization temperatures than composites with SWCNTs at a comparable degree of crystallinity. Boron doping of SWCNTs is therefore a suitable way to improve the electrical and thermoelectric properties of composites.

ACS Style

Beate Krause; Viktor Bezugly; Vyacheslav Khavrus; Liu Ye; Gianaurelio Cuniberti; Petra Pötschke. Boron Doping of SWCNTs as a Way to Enhance the Thermoelectric Properties of Melt-Mixed Polypropylene/SWCNT Composites. Energies 2020, 13, 394 .

AMA Style

Beate Krause, Viktor Bezugly, Vyacheslav Khavrus, Liu Ye, Gianaurelio Cuniberti, Petra Pötschke. Boron Doping of SWCNTs as a Way to Enhance the Thermoelectric Properties of Melt-Mixed Polypropylene/SWCNT Composites. Energies. 2020; 13 (2):394.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beate Krause; Viktor Bezugly; Vyacheslav Khavrus; Liu Ye; Gianaurelio Cuniberti; Petra Pötschke. 2020. "Boron Doping of SWCNTs as a Way to Enhance the Thermoelectric Properties of Melt-Mixed Polypropylene/SWCNT Composites." Energies 13, no. 2: 394.