Angular pregnancy is a rare condition in which the embryo is implanted in the lateral angle of the uterine cavity, medial to the uterotubal junction and round ligament, and causes life-threatening obstetric complications. It is important to differentiate this condition from interstitial and cornual pregnancy because they all result in emergency conditions. Although angular pregnancy can progress to term pregnancy, it may be associated with major obstetric complications such as uterine rupture, placental retention, postpartum hemorrhage, or may need further surgery and hysterectomy. This report describes a case of angular pregnancy from the 6th gestational week and continued until delivery in the 32nd gestational week. Sonographic findings, follow-up, and delivery concerns are described in this manuscript.

Objective: Anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy is the situation as described by the World Health Organization when the level of hemoglobin (Hb) is less than 11 g in 100 cc of blood. The prevalence of this problem is 18% in developed countries, whereas it is between 35-75% in developing countries. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia at the time of pregnancy detection. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was designed to determine the prevalence of anemia. A total of 5228 first trimester pregnant women were admitted to the study between 2012 and 2014. Hb levels of 11 to 9.5 g/dL, 9.5 to 8 g/dL, and less than 8 g/dL were considered as mild, moderate, and severe anemia, respectively. Results: We detected mild, modarate, and severe anemia at rates of 16.64%, 3.07%, and 0.28%, respectively, in our population. The overall prevalence of anemia at the time of detection of pregnancy was 20.0%. Conclusion: Anemia is a significant risk factor for maternal mortality in developing countries. The prevalence of anemia at the time of pregnancy detection was 20% and this rate is close to those indicated in developed countries.

Öz Amaç: Bu çalışma, sezaryen cilt insizyonlarının etkileyen faktörleri araştırmayı amaçladı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalşımaya sezaryen ile doğum yapan 201 gebe dahil edildi. Sezaryen sonrası cilt insizyon uzunlukları mezure ile postoperatif birinci günde ölçüldü. Hastalar iki grupta değerlendirildi, birinci grubu uzmanlık öğrencileri tarafından gerçekleştirilen sezaryenler oluştururken, ikinci grubu uzmanlar tarafından gerçekleştirilenler oluşturdu. Hastaların demografik verileri, beklenen fetal ağırlıkları ve insizyon uzunlukları değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Hastaların yaşları 28.7±4.7 yıl, gravida 2.2±1.0, parite 1.0±0.7, vücut kitle indeksleri (BMI) 25.2±4.3 ve beklenen fetal ağırlık 3.315±425 gr idi. Cilt insizyon uzunlukları tüm cerrahlar için (sadece uzmanlık öğrencisi ve uzmanlar) 156.9±14, 159.5±13.1, ve 154.5±14.8 idi. Cilt insizyon uzunlukları, fetal ağırlık, maternal BMI, gravid ve parite ile korrele edildi. Ayrıca uzmanlar tarafından yapılan cilt insizyonları, uzmanlık öğrencilerine göre daha küçük idi.Sonuç: Sezaryen cilt insizyon uzunuluğu sadece cerrahi tecrübe değil, ayrıca fetal ağırlık, maternal BMI, gravid ve paritede etkilemektedir.

Objectives: Discrepancies between abnormal cervical cytology or high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) status (cytolo-gy negative/HPV positive) and subsequent histological findings are a common occurrence. After using co-testing, the dis­crepancies between the HR-HPV status and cervical cytology have become an issue. In this study, we aimed to determine the characteristics of women with a discrepancy between histology and cytology/HR-HPV status, in terms of diagnosis, review and identification. Material and methods: A total of 52 women, patients of the University Hospital between 2013–2015, with cytohistologi­cal or HR-HPV status discrepancy were recruited for the study and retrospectively analyzed. The cytological samples were liquid-based Pap smears, classified according to the 2001 Bethesda system. The HR-HPV status was identified using the Hybrid Capture 2 HR-HPV DNA assay. The histological samples were obtained by cervical biopsy as well as large loop exci­sion of the transformation zone (LLETZ). Results: A cytohistological discrepancy was demonstrated in patients with (-)cytology/HR-HPV(+), ASCUS, LSIL, ASC-H, HSIL, AGC-NOS: 17.3%, 23.07%, 26.9%, 9.5%, 17.3% and 5.7%, respectively. When the degree of atypia in cytology increases, the concurrency of cervical cytology with biopsy also increases. A positive HR-HPV co-test result (19/24, 79.1%) was observed in nearly all CIN2 ≥ (+) cases. Our study emphasizes the significance of HR-HPV testing to determine CIN2 ≥ (+) cases, even in the presence of a normal cytological result. Conclusions: In case of cytohistological or HR-HPV discrepancies, a careful review of the HR-HPV status and the degree of cytological atypia should be performed before further intervention. Objectives: Discrepancies between abnormal cervical cytology or high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) status (cytolo-gy negative/HPV positive) and subsequent histological findings are a common occurrence. After using co-testing, the dis­crepancies between the HR-HPV status and cervical cytology have become an issue. In this study, we aimed to determine the characteristics of women with a discrepancy between histology and cytology/HR-HPV status, in terms of diagnosis, review and identification. Material and methods: A total of 52 women, patients of the University Hospital between 2013–2015, with cytohistologi­cal or HR-HPV status discrepancy were recruited for the study and retrospectively analyzed. The cytological samples were liquid-based Pap smears, classified according to the 2001 Bethesda system. The HR-HPV status was identified using the Hybrid Capture 2 HR-HPV DNA assay. The histological samples were obtained by cervical biopsy as well as large loop exci­sion of the transformation zone (LLETZ). Results: A cytohistological discrepancy was demonstrated in patients with (-)cytology/HR-HPV(+), ASCUS, LSIL, ASC-H, HSIL, AGC-NOS: 17.3%, 23.07%, 26.9%, 9.5%, 17.3% and 5.7%, respectively. When the degree of atypia in cytology increases, the concurrency of cervical cytology with biopsy also increases. A positive HR-HPV co-test result (19/24, 79.1%) was observed in nearly all CIN2 ≥ (+) cases. Our study emphasizes the significance of HR-HPV testing to determine CIN2 ≥ (+) cases, even in the presence of a normal cytological result. Conclusions: In case of cytohistological or HR-HPV discrepancies, a careful review of the HR-HPV status and the degree of cytological atypia should be performed before further intervention.

We assessed the serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Fifty-three patients with PCOS were included in our study along with 40 women with no PCOS as the control group. The patients were divided according to their body mass index (BMI). GGT levels were significantly higher in the women with PCOS than the women in the control group (p < 0.05). They were also significantly higher in the PCOS women who were normoweight and overweight than the normoweight and overweight women in the control group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the circulating levels of hsCRP and IMA between the women with PCOS and the controls or between the normoweight and overweight subgroups. GGT may be associated with the diagnosis of PCOS when the threshold is set at >15.5 U/L. With the application of this threshold, raised GGT levels had 83% sensitivity (95% CI 0.70–0.90) and 67.5% specificity (95% CI 0.52–0.79), for the diagnosis of PCOS. In our study, GGT levels were elevated in the PCOS patients independent of BMI and could thus be an important marker of PCOS.

This is an unusual case in comparison to other sonographically described prenatal cases due to very early diagnosis and surgical intervention following prompt delivery. A 40-year-old pregnant, ultrasonography showed presence of cystic structure in the fetal abdomen that was consistent with intestinal dilatation. At 32 weeks' of gestation, repeat ultrasound showed collapse of the bowel dilatation along with the presence of hyperechogenic fluid in the fetal abdominal cavity. Cesarean section was performed. The clinical utility of this report is the recognition that meconium peritonitis (MP) may be diagnosed in the acute phase with typical ultrasound features, and should be considered in the differential diagnoses of cases presented with reduced fetal movements. Although it appears that morbidity and mortality in MP cases depend upon gestational age, this case report may help to manage similar cases for defining the appropriate delivery time and treatment modality after prenatal identification of the problem.