Emerging research underscores the gut-brain axis in mental disorder pathophysiology, yet the oral microbiome's contribution to mental health remains underexplored. Elucidating oral microbial signatures in mental and neurological disorders may reveal novel pathobiological mechanisms and advance biomarker discovery for precision diagnostics and microbiota-targeted interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates oral microbiota alterations across 6 different mental disorders, by synthesizing data from 20 case-control studies retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Relative microbial abundance and beta diversity indices were extracted from between-group comparisons. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for alpha diversity to characterize microbiota differences between patients and controls. Key findings included a significantly higher Simpson Index in patients (SMD = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.60) compared to controls. Beta diversity varied significantly only in SZ and MDD. Condition-specific variations in microbial abundance were observed: Rothia enrichment in ASD, overrepresentation of H₂S-producing genera in SZ, and reduced Solobacterium and Leptotrichia in MDD. Collectively, the meta-analytical synthesis suggests alterations in oral microbiota diversity across mental disorders. Disease-associated microbial shifts highlight the oral microbiome as a candidate factor warranting further investigation for potential diagnostic applications and microbial-targeted therapeutic strategies.

Background: Dens invaginatus (DI) is a developmental anomaly, Oehlers Type III DI is the most complex type and early diagnosis and treatment is complicated and challenging. This report presents a rare case of a type IIIb DI associated with a periapical lesion in bilateral immature permanent mandibular central incisors. Case presentation: An eight-year-old boy referred to our clinic manifesting with pain along with swelling in the mandibular incisors for the past one month. Radiographic examination showed periapical radiolucency exhibiting a scantly defined border, as well as an invagination which had a central invaginated canal extending from the pulp chamber throughout the apical foramen in both mandibular central incisors. We performed two different treatment procedures on the basis of the condition of the main pulp of the mandibular central incisors. in which only the invagination root canal was treated in the right mandibular central incisor, while the invagination and main root canals were treated in the left mandibular central incisor. During the 18-month follow-up period, the teeth were clinically asymptomatic. Imaging examinations indicated complete healing of the periapical lesion and revealed that the wall of the root canal was thickened and the open apex was closed. Conclusion: For young permanent teeth with type III Dens invaginatus, it is particularly important to keep pulp vitality, which could maintain root development and allow a good long-term prognosis.

Introduction. In dental treatments, the reason for secondary caries and the failure of root canal treatment is the microbial infection, which concerns most dentists. The challenge of how to reduce the number of bacteria at the filling materials and the number of residual bacteria in the root canal has become a research hotspot. In this study, the bacterial adhesion properties of several common dental materials were compared to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of antibacterial properties of dental materials. Methodology. Three commonly used dental restorative materials and five sealers in root canal treatment were selected. Each material block was immersed in the corresponding supragingival (Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus) or subgingival (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Enterococcus faecalis) bacterial solution and cultured under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24h. The adhesion of bacteria was observed, and the number of different bacteria adhering to various material model disks was calculated at different time intervals under a scanning electron microscope. The adherent CFU load of the materials was determined by colony counting. Results. Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus exhibited the strongest adhesion ability to the resin material blocks. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Enterococcus faecalis exhibited the highest adhesion ability to the AH-Plus sealer block. Conclusions. In dental treatments, dental materials should be selected based on the chemical, physical, and biological properties of materials. In addition, it is necessary to develop new antibacterial dental materials.

A brief 20-second treatment of demineralized dentin matrix with Ag ⁺ released confined water to improve adhesive infiltration. Subsequent light irradiation reduced Ag ⁺ to metallic silver, enhancing structural stability by orders of magnitude.

Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) cannot perform daily personal care and participate in social activities similar to healthy children, thus requiring special medical services. In the research field of oral rehabilitation, study focuses primarily on treatment under dental general anaesthesia (DGA). This study aims to compare the perioperative treatment of CSHCN under DGA with healthy children. A PubMed database search was performed using the MeSH and non-MeSH descriptors: 'children with special health care needs'; 'intellectual disability'; 'dental treatment'; 'endodontics'; 'restorative treatment'; 'filling treatment'; 'extraction treatment'; 'general anaesthesia' and 'sedation'. No time restrictions were applied. Literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and clinical and preclinical trials were included. The narrative review delineates a comprehensive framework for DGA in CSHCN. This encompasses a rigorous preoperative assessment (encompassing patient education, DGA-specific, and anaesthesia evaluation), a meticulous perioperative management protocol from medication to complication handling, and the execution of specialized intraoperative oral treatments. While DGA's primary advantage lies in enabling definitive, single-session comprehensive care, significant challenges persist, including the management of perioperative complications and ensuring effective postoperative follow-up for long-term success, all operating within the context of specific legal authorities governing dentist-administered anaesthesia. DGA in oral management of CSHCN necessitates tailored anaesthetic planning, meticulous postop care and a systematic regulatory framework.