Coffee is one of the most representative agricultural products in Colombia; several factors related to how it is produced, processed and marketed make it particularly important in post-conflict situations. The cultivation of coffee has acquired a very important role in the post-conflict stage that Colombia is experiencing. The rural areas hit hardest by violence are now seeing how improving agricultural conditions can help promote sustainable development and build peace in their regions. In coffee processing, women play an important role, with between 20% and 30% of coffee farms around the world being female-operated and up to 70% of labor in coffee production being provided by women. Women not only contribute to coffee processing, but they are also responsible for family activities such as cooking, and those activities are often made in wood stoves, thereby increasing their health risk. Against this background, this study presents the design and implementation of a biodigester fed by waste produced at Coffee Production Units (CPUs) located in the rural area of Tolima department in Colombia (an important scene of the armed conflict) in order to produce biogas for domestic cooking activities. Results show that implemented biodigester can produce between 1362 and 1597 kg/day (1.1704 and 1.3604 Nm³/day), which is enough energy for domestic activities for a family of four. Furthermore, it demonstrates benefits in the economic, social and environmental context of CPUs. Additionally, due to the importance of women in coffee production, this paper also evaluates the impact of the implementation of biodigesters in farms, which has shown that biodigester implementation positively impacts the production activities and activities performed by women, thereby increasing their life quality.

La Unión Europea se relaciona con los países del Cercano Oriente y el Norte de África mediante la Política Europea de Vecindad y la Unión por el Mediterráneo. Estos instrumentos deberían ser una herramienta útil en la consecución de cierta estabilidad y en la promoción de la paz en la región. El análisis realizado en este trabajo pretende demostrar que el interés de la UE en cooperar a la estabilización del conflicto árabe israelí se ha mostrado de manera ambigua resultando en unas relaciones entre la UE e Israel muy limitadas. A su vez, se analiza el papel pasivo de la Unión en la resolución del conflicto, obviando su potencial como mediador diplomático y dejando en manos de EE. UU. la promoción de la paz entre Israel y sus vecinos. Recibido: 13 febrero 2023 Aceptado: 2 junio 2023