Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are recently developed high-efficient transducers not only for electrochemical biosensor but also for cell electrophysiological recording due to the separation of gate electrode from the transistor device. The efficient integration of OECTs with electrochemical gate electrode makes the as-prepared sensors with improved performance, such as sensitivity, limit of detection, and selectivity. We herein reviewed the recent progress of OECTs-based biosensors and cell electrophysiology recording, mainly focusing on the principle and chemical design of gate electrode and the channel. First, the configuration, work principle, semiconductor of OECT are briefly introduced. Then different kinds of sensing modes are reviewed, especially for the biosensing and electrophysiological recording. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of this research field are discussed.

A ratiometric fluorescent probe Cy-NEt₂ for detecting ONOO⁻ is designed and prepared by de novo synthesis, which is a reliable, cheap and flexible route. The probe is applied for monitoring the level of mitochondrial ONOO⁻ and assessing the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress status in living cells and in vivo successfully.