Many courses are transitioning from offline to online instruction in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Landscape architecture conservation courses face problems such as reduced interest in learning, poor learning attitudes and low learning efficiency among students. At the same time, due to the nature of landscape architecture conservation courses, students need more experience to learn well, and many landscape architecture courses do not meet this requirement. Online education also lacks the necessary education scenarios and is not very immersive, making it difficult to meet students’ learning needs. Continued advances in technology have provided new ways for people to connect with nature, increasing awareness and adoption of sustainable landscape architecture practices. To solve the above problems, this study uses multisensory spherical video-based immersive virtual reality technology to develop a VR learning system for landscape architecture conservation courses based on the senses of sight, sound and smell. This system is simple to operate, but interactive and immersive. A quasi-experimental study was also conducted to test the effectiveness of the system. Analyzing the results of the study, students in the experimental group outperformed students in the control group in terms of learning achievements, learning model satisfaction, technology acceptance, flow experience and learning attitudes, which suggests that the use of multisensory spherical video-based immersive virtual reality technology in a landscape architecture conservation course is effective in improving students’ learning performances, and that the study can provide input for the development of other courses.