This review summarizes the working principles of DMF, and compares the effects of different electrode geometries on droplet manipulation.

De novo DNA synthesis plays crucial roles in life science. Enzymatic oligonucleotide synthesis (EOS) has attracted interest due to longer synthesized chains, simple procedure, cost‐effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. However, unlike chemical synthesis dominated by small molecule, the EOS relies on enzyme reacting with primers. It remains challenging due to restricted accessibility caused by the anisotropy of initiator primers and the spatial hindrance of enzymes. Herein, this study developes a nanoscopic interface functioned with 3D DNA framework to achieve efficient EOS. The highly ordered DNA framework – tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDN) provide an ordered upright orientation and reasonable spacing for primers to enhance enzyme accessibility. Compared to single‐stranded structures, the TDN scaffold significantly enhances the enzyme's substrate affinity and catalytic reaction kinetics. As for the synthesis of five given patterned sequences, TDN scaffold effectively reduces the occurrence of deletion errors with increasing yield. Finally, efficient TDN‐based EOS is employed for DNA information storage by synthesizing a 60‐nucletide DNA fragment with a stepwise yield of 96.82%, allowing the accurate retrieval of 15 bytes of text information. The TDN‐based EOS paves the way for developing more efficient and accurate DNA synthesis methods, laying a robust foundation for future applications in DNA storage and genetic research.

Traditional centrifuges, extensively employed in biology, chemistry, medicine, and other domains for tasks such as blood separation and pathogen extraction, have certain limitations. Their high cost, substantial size, and reliance on electricity restrict their range of application. Contemporary centrifuges, inspired by everyday items like paper trays and egg beaters, boast characteristics such as ease of operation, independence from electricity, and portability. These features offer unique advantages in specific situations, such as electricity shortages, inadequate infrastructure, and challenging medical conditions. Consequently, we designed a hand-powered portable centrifuge driven by pulling a rope. Our experiments revealed significant performance factors, including load capacity, rope length, and frequency of rope pulling. The results demonstrated that the revolutions per minute (RPM) of a hand-powered portable centrifuge were directly proportional to the length of the rope and the frequency of pulling, up to a certain limit, while inversely proportional to the load. When used for separating and washing polystyrene microspheres, the portable centrifuge’s performance equaled that of traditional centrifuges. According to relevant calculations, this centrifuge could be capable of meeting the application of blood separation. Therefore, we believe this portable centrifuge will find meaningful applications in similar areas, particularly in resource-poor settings.

A novel cobweb-like disk resonator gyroscope (CDRG) is introduced in this paper, which integrates a multi-bit electro-mechanical sigma-delta modulation (ΣΔΜ) system to significantly expand the input angular rate signal range, improving performance metrics like signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and noise reduction. This design seeks to overcome the limitations associated with single-bit ΣΔΜ gyroscope systems by incorporating a linear multi-bit force feedback mechanism that utilizes nonlinear actuators driven by pulse density modulation. The proposed gyroscope system effectively broadens the input range without necessitating higher actuation voltages. In the absence of electronic trimming, experimental findings indicate significant enhancements in performance metrics: the input range, angle random walk, and bias instability improved by 30%, 106.2%, and 487.9%, respectively, when compared to traditional ΣΔΜ CDRG system configurations.