Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) significantly impacts patients' quality of life, both from a urinary and sexual perspective. Surgical techniques for the treatment of BPH, such as transurethral resection of the prostate and laser enucleation techniques, are associated with postoperative sexual and ejaculatory dysfunctions. For these reasons, there has been growing interest in minimally invasive techniques (MISTs), which aim to improve urinary symptoms while preserving erectile and ejaculatory function. Aim: With this randomized trial (RCT), our aim is to analyze the impact of transperineal laser ablation (TPLA) and convective water vapor ablation (CWVA) on erectile and ejaculatory function of patients undergoing these MISTs and to compare the two techniques to assess any potential differences between them. Methods: This RCT included 80 patients 1:1 randomized to TPLA and CWVA between January and July 2024 based on their International Prostate Symptoms Score. Inclusion criteria included prostate volume > 30 ml, age > 50 years, IPSS>7, PSA < 4 ng/ml, and maximum flow rate < 15 ml/s with post-void residual>50 ml. Categorical variables were compared using the χ2 test with Yates’ correction or Fisher’s exact test. A General Linear Model for repeated measures was used to evaluate within- and between-group differences over time. Outcomes: The Male Sexual Health Questionnaire—Ejaculatory Dysfunction (MSHQ-EjD) and International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF5) were collected 3- and 6-months after treatment. Results: Among 61 sexually active patients (31 CWVA, 30 TPLA), baseline characteristics were comparable, except for a larger prostate volume in the TPLA group (P < 0.001). IIEF-5 scores remained stable at 6 months, with no significant differences between groups [19 (9-24) TPLA vs. 16.5 (1.75-20) CWVA, P = 0.11]. A transient decline at 3 months in the TPLA group resolved by 6 months. At 6 months, MSHQ-EjD scores improved significantly in both groups (+51% TPLA, +33.3% CWVA, P < 0.0001). The MSHQ-EjD Bother domain also showed significant improvement (P < 0.0001). All patients, except one, were same day discharged and were free from prostate medications at the last evaluation. Clinical Implications: The results indicate that both TPLA and CWVA effectively preserve patients' sexual function. Strengths and Limitations: Although this is the first randomized study comparing these MISTs, the exclusion of sexually inactive patients from the analysis reduced the sample size. Furthermore, the findings are limited to short-term outcomes. Conclusions: Both techniques effectively preserve erectile function and improve MSHQ-EjD scores.

Data from patients with suspicious lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMRI) and a diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) were collected. The aim was to compare csPCa sites identified through whole-mount pathological analysis (WMA) after RP with PI-RADS ≥ 3 lesions identified on mpMRI, and with csPCa foci detected through targeted-biopsy (TB) or combined targeted + systematic biopsy (TSB). A paired Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation analysis were performed to evaluate the agreement between these diagnostic methods. A total of 106 patients were included in the TSB group and 95 in the TB group. The correlation between mpMRI, PB, and WMA was moderate and comparable in both groups. No correlation between PB and WMA was found in the TB group for PI-RADS3 lesions, while a moderate-strong correlation was observed when comparing mpMRI, PB, and WMA for PI-RADS > 3 lesions. About 50% of csPCa sites remained undetected by mpMRI. TSB was able to identify 16.5% more csPCa sites than TB. mpMRI is an accurate method in the diagnosis of PCa, especially for PI-RADS > 3 lesions, although some csPCa sites remained undetected. The use of TSB improved the location agreement between PB and WMA, increasing detection rates up to 79%.

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a histological diagnosis characterized by an increase in the number of epithelial and stromal cells in the transitional zone of the prostate gland. The clinical manifestation of BPH is associated with the appearance of so-called lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) which can also be a consequence of other conditions not related to the prostate. Covid-19, also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was discovered as a disease in late 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted between September 2021 and May 2022. Information was initially collected on 60 patients followed up and treated conservatively for BPH in two outpatient practices and recovered from Covid-19. After processing the received information, 27 patients were excluded from the study and 33 patients remained for observation The assessment of patients is carried out through an internationally validated questionnaire – international prostate symptom score (IPPS), prostate specific antigen, digital rectal examination (DRЕ), and ultrasound diagnostics of the prostate gland with consideration of its volume and the amount of residual urine. Results: Our data show a strong correlation between the changes in LUTS in patients with BPH and Covid-19 infection. Conclusion: Although almost 3 years have passed since the beginning of this pandemic, there are still many unanswered questions surrounding this disease. We believe that with our experience we will enrich the information about the relationship between Covid-19 and LUTS, and the results obtained by us can serve as a basis for future large-scale and more in-depth studies on the subject.

According to statistics, the 5-year overall survival in metastatic prostate cancer is about 21 months. We present a case of a patient with castration-resistant prostate cancer with proven bone lesions 2 years after the onset of the disease and the current survival of over 9 years.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an extremely rare disease composed of myofibroblast cells and inflammatory infiltrates. There are different sites of the urogenital system affected by IMT-bladder, prostate and kidney.