The objective of this study was to compare and correlate the Portable Ultra Sound (US) measuring technique to the skinfold measuring technique (SF) to estimate body fat percentage (%F) in young adults. Sixty military were evaluated, all males, divided in two groups: Group 1 (normal) composed by 30 military with Body Mass Index (BMI) until 24.99 kg/m ² and Group 2 (overweight) composed by 30 military with BMI >; 25 kg/m ² . Weight, height, skinfolds and ultrasound were measured in 9 points (triceps, subscapular, biceps, chest, medium axillary, abdominal, suprailiac, thigh and calf). Body fat average values obtained by skinfold thickness and ultrasound measurements were 13.25 ± 6.32 % and 12.73 ± 5.95 % respectively. Despite significant differences in measurements of each anatomical site, it was possible to verify that the total final body fat percentage calculated by both techniques did not present significant differences and that overweight group presented greater similarity between the values obtained using caliper and ultrasound equipment.

The purpose of this study was to: a) determine the nutritional status of Brazilian adolescents, and; b) present a skinfold thickness model (ST) to estimate body fat developed with Brazilian samples, using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as reference method. The main study group was composed of 374 adolescents, and further 42 adolescents for the validation group. Weight, height, waist circumference measurements, and body mass index (BMI) were collected, as well as nine ST–biceps (BI), triceps (TR), chest (CH), axillary (AX) subscapularis (SB), abdominal (AB), suprailiac (SI), medial thigh (TH), calf (CF), and fat percentage (%BF) obtained by DXA. The prevalence of overweight in adolescents was 20.9%, and obesity 5.8%. Regression analysis through ordinary least square method (OLS) allowed obtainment of three equations with values of R² = 0.935, 0.912 and 0.850, standard error estimated = 1.79, 1.78 and 1.87, and bias = 0.06, 0.20 and 0.05, respectively. the innovation of this study lies in presenting new regression equations for predicting body fat in Southern Brazilian adolescents based on a representative and heterogeneous sample from DXA.

OBJETIVO: Comparar o ultrassom (US) portátil e a bioimpedância elétrica (BIA) com as dobras cutâneas (DC) para estimar o percentual de gordura corporal em adultos. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas 195 militares, sexo masculino, sendo coletados: peso, estatura, percentual de gordura por bioimpedância, dobras cutâneas e ultrassom (US) em nove pontos (tríceps, subescapular, bíceps, peitoral, médio axilar, abdominal, suprailíaca, coxa e panturrilha). Além da estatística descritiva, foram utilizados gráficos de dispersão, o teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov, coeficiente de correlação π (rho) de Spearman, o Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test e a regressão linear para a elaboração de uma nova equação para a estimativa do percentual de gordura corporal em adultos jovens (do sexo masculino). RESULTADOS: O grupo apresentou idade média de 23,07 ± 7,55 anos, para peso e estatura os valores da média e desvio padrão foram: 72,65 ± 10,40 kg; 1,74 ± 0,06 metros, respectivamente. Comparando os resultados entre US e DC, verificaram-se correlações significativas para todos os pontos avaliados, sendo a prega da coxa a com maior correlação, seguida pelo peitoral. Comparando-se os três métodos, o US apresentou melhor correlação com a BIA do que com as DC. Pode-se propor uma nova equação de estimativa do percentual de gordura por US, que apresentou uma melhor correlação com o método das DC do que aquela utilizada pelo próprio equipamento. CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível verificar que na população estudada o US e a BIA podem estimar o percentual de gordura corporal com boas correlações com o método da DC.

A tuberculose, definida por alguns como a 'calamidade negligenciada, é ainda um importante problema de saúde pública. Para tentar melhorar os resultados no seu enfrentamento, as ações foram descentralizadas para a Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), o que vem demandando uma nova orientação na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF). Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a evolução da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) no município de Curitiba entre os anos de 2000 a 2009 e seus reflexos sobre os casos de Tuberculose. Como metodologia utilizou-se o estudo Ecológico tipo agregado de base territorial longitudinal de séries temporais. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de outubro de 2010 a julho de 2011. Como principais resultados verificou-se um aumento expressivo de 127,63% no número de Equipes de Saúde da Família, com um aumento da cobertura em 76,28%. Existiu também uma preocupação com relação à capacitação continuada destas equipes o que repercutiu de forma positiva no aumento de exames para diagnóstico realizado, redução do número de casos novos, redução da proporção de abandono do tratamento e da taxa de mortalidade relacionada a tuberculose. Pelo estudo realizado percebe-se uma correção no direcionamento das ações de controle da Tuberculose no município de Curitiba.

The prevalence of overweight/obesity has become a major concern for public health in developing countries. Risk factors need to be well documented so that these countries develop public policies to fight the problem. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of excess fat among adolescents of a South Brazilian State Capital associated with risk factors and their consequences. This study was conducted between 2014 and 2016 with adolescents aged 11–18 years. The following body composition measurements were collected: body mass, height, waist circumference, fat mass and bone mineral density (this latter through dual energy X-ray absorptiometry). Biochemical data as glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were also collected. Finally, socioeconomic questionnaires were applied, as well as questionnaires regarding: the education level of guardians, active transportation, time spent with sedentary activities and physical activities. Odds ratios and chi-square test were applied in statistical analysis. Data from 675 adolescents, from which 70% were males, were analyzed. The mean age was 14.7 ± 1.8 years. The prevalence of excess fat was 18.2% in boys and 92.1% in girls. As for sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity, having one of these factors increased the risk of being overweight by 7.9 times for boys and 3.0 times for girls. In boys, there was a significant association between excess fat and waist circumference (p = 0.000; OR = 13.5; CI = 7.0–25.9), physical activity level (p = 0.000; OR = 4.0; CI = 2.5–6.5), triglycerides (p = 0.019; OR = 2.2; CI = 1.1–4.2) and total cholesterol (p = 0.000; OR = 2.6; CI = 1.6–4.5). In girls, there was an association between having excess fat and an increase in total cholesterol (p = 0.000; OR = 8.0; CI = 2.6–24.4). The high prevalence of excess fat was greater than what was described by some studies conducted in developed countries. This reality demonstrates the need to implement public policies that can directly promote the reduction of sedentary habits and reinforce the importance of adopting an active lifestyle.