This paper presents the problem of application of modern developments in the field of bio-energy for the development of autonomous mobile robots’ power sources. We carried out analysis of biofuel cells, gasification and pyrolysis of biomass. Nowadays, very few technologies in the bioenergy field are conducted with regards to the demands brought by robotics. At the same time, a number of technologies, such as biofuel cells, have now already come into use as a power supply for experimental autonomous mobile robots. The general directions for research that may help to increase the efficiency of power energy sources described in the article, in case of their use in robotics, are also presented.

In this work we are demonstrate results of researches of the hydrogels based on carrageenan and polyvinyl alcohols properties with various nanoparticles Al₂O₃ and ZrO₂ and their application for phototrophic microorganisms Chlorella vulgaris cultivation. X-ray diffraction of samples was carried out. Research on the cultivation of microalgae using the developed hydrogels has also been conducted, and the increase in productivity with the use of gels on average by 20% compared to the control sample has been shown. The highest productivity is observed with concentration 0.5% of ZrO₂ nanoparticles. We conclude that using of hydrogels in the developed photobioreactors possess a perspective.

One of the most important problems today is the eutrophication of water bodies, caused by an excess of nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus. The pollution of water bodies is also aggravated by heavy metals contained in wastewater. In this paper, we consider the joint purification of water from an excess amount of microalgae biomass Chlorella vulgaris and heavy metals using polymer materials based on chitosan. Large-angle X-ray diffraction analysis of the samples was performed at the BioMUR station of the Kurchatov Synchrotron.

Phototrophic microorganisms are considered one of the promising sources of renewable raw materials that can be used to produce energy and a variety of valuable products. Studies on the cultivation of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris GKV 1 in horizontal-type photobioreactors using a hydrogel with titanium-dioxide nanoparticles 84 ± 20 nm in size and adaptive illumination are carried out. The productivity of the microalgae C. vulgaris using a hydrogel with nanoparticles and adaptive illumination exceeds the control by 53.4%. The lipids of the obtained biomass are analyzed for the qualitative composition of methyl esters of fatty acids. The polymer material is studied at the Kurchatov specialized source of synchrotron radiation (KISI-Kurchatov).

Today surface water especially rain and thaw water became one of the environmental challenges for the cities. Those waters can be contaminated by different impurities including organics, oil products, heavy metals and etc. Utilization and reusing of those types surface water is the point of interest of many city agglomerations. In this paper preliminary results of Euglena gracilis CCAP 1224/5Z cultivation at highly organic contaminated surface water are presented. Cultivation was provided at illumination from 500 – 1200 lux depending on natural illumination in Moscow region. It was shown that during experiments that total organic carbon (TOC) content decreased from 41 mg/l to 15 mg/l in five days cultivation period. Final biomass concentration in case of cultivation on waste water exceeded concentration in the control flasks. Also the lipids content has been determined. In the biomass from flasks with surface water lipids content was from 24% to 32% to dry weight, depending on illumination and ambient temperature. Control biomass contains approximately from 28% to 30% in all experiments. Experiments with low TOC close to 10 mg/l showing close results – decreasing of TOC approximately at 50-60% in all flasks. Thereby it was demonstrated that it is possible in Moscow climate conditions during spring – autumn period to apply phototrophic microorganism E. gracilis strain for surface water treatment and in this case total lipids content a stay the same as in control cultivations.