Forest ecosystems in the Mediterranean Basin experience frequent forest fires, and the risk of hazards to people and assets is expected to increase in the face of climate change. Turkey is one of the countries in the Mediterranean Basin that has faced extreme forest fires in recent years. Forest firefighters are key actors at the forefront of fighting forest fires, and their effectiveness is largely related to in-service training. This study investigates the differences in in-service training and knowledge competencies of forest firefighters working in five fire-sensitive regions in Turkey. The results of the study are based on a survey of 975 forest firefighters. Sociodemographic data are presented as frequency, mean, and percentages. The Kruskal–Wallis H test was used to determine the differences in the perceptions of forest firefighters in the five fire-sensitive regions. It was determined that 89.74% of forest firefighters participated in in-service training, and the participation in in-service training was highest in 1st degree fire sensitive regions. Turkish forest firefighters have a strong perception that in-service training is sufficient in terms of number and content, their knowledge and experience deficiencies are eliminated, and their capacities are increased.

Organizational culture; is defined as basic theoretical thoughts which are developed for harmonize internal and external environment and eliminate integration problems of a group who comes together for a specific purpose. The responsibility of people who take part in the organization, their attitude and behaviours forms with reliability for the quality of human resources. Security culture which is consisted of organizational culture may have a different meaning for each person. This also indicates the relationship between the security culture and the organizational culture. The matter of occupational health and safety is closely related to the organizational culture that exists in foundations. For this reason; all the subjects of occupational safety culture belong to the organizational culture at the same time. Occupational accidents and professional diseases, though many measurements taken and got strict constantly, are increasing day by day. Every accidents or disease which is experienced effects considerably employee’s motivation. How the measurements which are taken in order to decrease the health and security risks in workplace effect is a significant issue that should be taken into consideration. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of work safety on the motivation of employees in the furniture enterprises within the scope of SMEs in Giresun and Ordu. In this context, 97 persons in 45 furniture enterprises were reached and data was collected via a questionnaire. The data were analysed in the computer environment via the smartPLS program. In the analyses of structural equation modelling (SEM) with the partial least squares (PLS) approach, path models were established between the dimensions of the occupational safety scale and the dimensions of the motivation scale in the organizational culture. According to the analysis results, it was seen that the sub-dimensions of occupational safety in organizational culture have significant effects on employee motivation sub-dimensions. The obtained results have been interpreted together with literature and the subject has been opened to debate.

Industry 4.0 is forced to enterprises to set up new teams who know the software well, follows the new technologies, plans and programs them, open to change and development. Turkish furniture industry which has a suitable structure of development is confronted us as one of the important sector. Nevertheless, the fact that the sector is consisted of small and micro scale enterprises and the structural and economic problems caused by being small to emerge as a big obstacle to the use of digital technologies. Within this study, it was tried to show the awareness of the furniture industry about the Industry 4.0 approach, the present possibilities, future plans and where they saw themselves in these developments. As a target group of the study, furniture enterprises of Ordu and Giresun were selected. Data were collected through questionnaire from the 45 enterprises in these provinces and were analysed in computer environment. The possible effects of the Industry 4.0 on the furniture industry were highlighted, what should be done in this transition and transformation process, and suggestions were developed and discussed.

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de orman yangınlarıyla mücadele faaliyetlerinde çalışan orman yangını müdahale işçilerinin güncel konulardaki görüşleri alınmıştır. Bu amaçla Türkiye’de 21 orman bölge müdürlüğüne bağlı 72 orman işletme müdürlüğünde görev yapan 651 orman yangın işçisine anket uygulanmıştır. Anket uygulaması, beş yangın hassasiyet bölgesi dikkate alınarak yürütülmüştür. Orman yangınlarına müdahale işçileri, anket sorularını dokuz noktalı cevaplama ölçeği doğrultusunda yanıtlamıştır. Farklı yangın hassasiyet bölgelerinde çalışan orman yangınlarına müdahale işçilerinin görüşleri arasındaki istatistikî farklılık Kruskal-Wallis H ve Mann-Whitney U testleri ile incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, yaş, öğrenim durumu, medeni durum ve görev süresi ile sorulara verilen yanıtlar arasındaki ilişki, Spearman korelasyon katsayısı ile analiz edilmiştir. Orman yangın müdahale işçilerinin ortalama yaşı 34,1, ortalama görev süresi ise 8,8 yıldır. Bu işçilerin %65,4’ü en az lise düzeyinde eğitim almış olup %55’i evlidir. İşçiler, personel ve ekiplerin sayıca orta düzeyde yeterli olduğunu, çalışma saatlerinin fazla olmasının verimi orta düzeyde olumsuz etkilediğini belirtmiştir. İşçiler, gözetleme kulelerinin, kameralı ve uzaktan izleme çalışmalarının, yangın riski yüksek alanlarda ilave gözetleme ve devriye faaliyetlerinin orman yangınlarının tespitinde önemli bir yerinin olduğunu düşünmektedir. Halkın ormana giriş-çıkışı ve mesire yerlerinin kontrol altına alınmasına yönelik faaliyetler işçiler tarafından oldukça önemli bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte, orman yangınlarıyla mücadele açısından mevcut durumda görev dağılımı, iletişim ve koordinasyona yönelik sorunlar önemli görülmemiştir.