Environmental pollution seriously affects human health. The concentration of negative air ions (NAIs), which were discovered at the end of the nineteenth century, is one of the factors used to evaluate air quality. Additionally, NAIs have been widely considered markers by scholars due to their unique biological function. The aim of this study was to summarize existing research and propose future research on the generation and temporal and spatial dynamic patterns of NAIs concentrations as well as the relationship between NAIs and human health. We identified 187 studies (published January 2013–January 2023) that met our inclusion criteria. Fourteen English studies evaluated the effects of NAIs on depression, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, reproduction and development, cognition, and sports muscle injury. Only two studies reported the associations of NAIs exposure with metabolic omics. NAIs concentrations vary temporally with solar radiation, air temperature, and relative humidity, while the temporal dynamic patterns of NAIs are affected by season, time, meteorological factors, air quality index, geographical location, forest vegetation, and other factors. Researchers have shown that exposure to NAIs may benefit our health by changing amino acid metabolism, which mainly manifests as increased anti-inflammation and reduced inflammation and antioxidation. Furthermore, exposure to NAIs promotes energy production, affects the expression of c-fos, and regulates 5-HT levels. There has been considerable interest in the potential effects of NAIs on human health and well-being, but the conclusions have been inconsistent and the mechanisms remain unclear. The use of omics to elucidate the biological mechanism of NAIs is relatively new and has some advantages. Graphical Abstract

Introduction Burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative environmental bacterium and aetiological agent of melioidosis, a tropical infectious disease with diverse clinical presentations. We aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of melioidosis in northern Hainan and to determine the meteorological factors affecting its morbidity. Methods We conducted a retrospective, multicentre, observational cohort study of 90 patients with melioidosis admitted to four general hospitals in northern Hainan from 2010 to 2020. Epidemiological, clinical presentation, laboratory and treatment outcome data were collected and analysed. The monthly incidence of melioidosis and meteorological data, including precipitation, temperature, humidity, air pressure and wind speed, for the same period were collected to analyse the relationship between meteorological factors and the incidence of melioidosis. Results Of the 90 patients included in the study, 79 (87.78%) were male. Patient age ranged from 10 to 81 years old, but most patients, namely, 78 (86.67%), were middle-aged and elderly people aged 41–81 years old. Forty-six patients (51.11%) were farmers. The number of cases increased significantly after 2014, with the highest numbers occurring in 2014 and 2016. The highest number of cases occurred in summer and autumn and were associated with abundant rainfall, and 58 cases (64.44%) occurred from July to December. The patients showed diverse presentations and abnormal laboratory parameters: 69 patients (76.67%) had a history of diabetes mellitus; bacteremia was present in 50 patients (55.56%), sepsis was present in 39 patients (43.33%) and pneumonia in 19 patients (21.11%). An average high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level of 149.57 ± 13.65 mg/L and a median procalcitonin (PCT) level of 1.31 (0.39, 6.21) ng/mL were observed. Among all the cases, 21 (23.33%) were identified as acute infections, 51 (56.67%) as subacute infections and 18 (20.00%) as chronic infections. Six patients (6.67%) died of illness; five of these patients were male, and five of these patients were middle-aged and elderly patients. The monthly average precipitation was significantly positively correlated with the monthly average incidence of melioidosis (r = 0.74, P < 0.01). Conclusion Male patients, farmers and especially middle-aged and elderly individuals with a history of diabetes mellitus accounted for most of the patients. The majority of cases were concentrated in coastal areas. Most cases of melioidosis occurred during the rainy seasons, and the monthly average precipitation was an independent factor affecting the average monthly incidence of melioidosis.

Background: Long noncoding RNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (lncRNA-SNPs) PCAT1 rs710886, PRNCR1 rs1456315 and CCAT2 rs6983267 on 8q24 region present generalizability in the susceptibility to multiple cancers, however, the influence of rs710886, rs1456315 and rs6983267 on lung cancer has not been assessed. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between three lncRNA-SNPs and lung cancer. Methods: A case–control study was performed on 438 patients with lung cancer and 456 healthy controls in the Han population from southern China. The collected samples were genotyped by the TaqMan genotyping, and the association with clinical characteristics, including age, gender, drinking status, smoking status, pathological types and clinical stages were analyzed. And the SNP function prediction was based on lncRNASNP2, RNAfold and GTEx. Results: The rs1456315 T allele increased the risk of lung cancer [OR=1.95, 95% CI (1.58– 2.43), P=0.003] compared to the rs1456315 C allele, and rs1456315 significantly increased the risk of lung cancer in the dominant model [OR=1.86, 95% CI (1.16– 3.00), P=0.002]. The rs6983267 G allele, compared with the T allele, increased the risk of lung cancer [OR=1.29, 95% CI (1.07– 1.57), P=0.007], and rs6983267 was identified as a risk factor for lung cancer [OR=1.28, 95% CI (1.06– 1.55), P=0.003] in the additive model. Both rs1456315 and rs6983267 demonstrated significance after adjusting for the smoking status, drinking status and age. The structure prediction found rs6983267 and rs1456315 influence the secondary structure of its lncRNA. The results from lncRNASNP2 indicated that rs6983267 and rs1456315 change gain/loss target of miRNAs. Conclusion: PRNCR1 rs1456315 and CCAT2 rs6983267 on 8q24 region are significantly associated with lung cancer in the Han population of southern China and alter the potential biological function in bioinformatic analysis, and the results further extended generalism of the susceptibility of cancer-associated lncRNA-SNPs to lung cancer and underlying mechanism involved in lung cancer.

Hainan is a tropical island in China with a large migratory population. Study have reported that the blood pressure of Hainan elderly hypertensive migratory population decreased significantly, which may be related to the improvement of environment and quality of life (QoL). Understanding the changes of QoL of these people before and after coming to Hainan and its influencing factors can provide a basis for the prevention and control of hypertension. A cross-sectional study of elderly hypertensive migratory population were conducted in Chengmai Mangrove Bay community of Hainan from December 2021 to January 2022. Convenience sampling was used to recruit elderly hypertensive migratory individuals reside stay of longer than one month. After obtaining informed consent, we investigated the demographic characteristics of the participants and evaluated their QoL with the SF-36 twice; one round of the SF-36 was about their hometown, and the other round was about living in Hainan for 1 month. The Cronbach’s α coefficient and KMO value of SF-36 were both greater than 0.8, indicating good reliability and validity. The difference in blood pressure between that observed in Hainan and that observed in their hometowns was used to determine whether the Body Pain change in the subjects decreased or did not decrease after migrating to Hainan. Univariate analysis was performed via paired t tests and Kendall’s tau-b tests, and multiple linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyse the factors influencing the QoL of the participants. A total of 305 hypertensive migratory individuals participated in this study. Among them, there were 148 males (48.52%) and 157 females (51.48%), with a mean age of 68.61 ± 9.39 years. The postmigration scores for the 8 subscales of QoL, the global score, the Physical Component Score, and the Mental Component Score were all higher than the scores for their hometowns (P < 0.05). Factors such as gender (r = 0.139, P < 0.05), age (r = 0.209, P < 0.05), and level of education (r=-0.133, P < 0.05) were associated with changes in the QoL of the participants. The conditions of green and water spaces in their hometown, sleep habits in their hometown and ventilation habits in their hometown were the major factors influencing the subjects’ QoL in their hometown (P < 0.05). The factors that influenced the improvement in the subjects’ QoL in Hainan included hypertension classification (OR = 2.336, 95% CI: 1.125 ∼ 4.853, P = 0.023) and BMI (OR = 6.402, 95% CI: 1.009 ∼ 40.624, P = 0.049). The QoL of hypertensive migratory population in Hainan improved with respect to individual health, physiological function, psychological function and social function. The lower the hypertension classification and BMI are, the greater the improvement in the QoL of hypertensive migratory population.