Amaç: Bu çalışma, bitki gelişimini teşvik eden farklı kök bakterisi ve mikoriza uygulamalarının kesme çiçek ve dış mekân süs bitkisi olarak dünya genelinde üretimi yaygın olan ve Türkiye’de de gittikçe yaygınlaşan Dahlia variabilis (Yıldız çiçeği) bitkisinde tohumdan fideye kadar geçen aşamada, büyüme ve gelişimine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem ve Bulgular: Çalışma kapsamında, Dahlia variabilis ‘Violet’ çeşidine ait tohumlara, Enterobacter cloacae (ZE-2), Bacillus cereus (ZE-7), Pseudomonas putida (ZE-12), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (ZE-13), Burkholderia cepecia (7-a-2) bakteri türleri ve ticari olarak satışı bulunan mikoriza (5000 ppm) uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada, uygulamaların fide büyüme ve gelişimine etkilerini belirlemek için; çimlenme oranı (%), fide boyu (cm), gövde çapı (mm), yaprak sayısı (adet), bitki yaş ağırlığı (g), bitki kuru ağırlığı (g), kök uzunluğu (cm), kök yaş ağırlığı (g), kök kuru ağırlığı (g) ve SPAD değeri ile klorofil içeriği ölçülmüştür. Çalışma sonunda, yapılan uygulamaların Yıldız çiçeği üzerinde farklı etkilere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Pseudomonas putida (ZE-12) uygulamasının kontrole kıyasla %12 oranında çimlenmeyi artırdığı, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (ZE-13) bakterisinin fide boyunda %32.9’luk artış sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Genel Yorum: Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma ile doğal kökenli olan ve çevreye zararı olmayan bu bakterilerin süs bitkilerinde fide yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılabilme potansiyeline sahip olduğu belirlenmiş olup, süs bitkileri üretim sektöründe bu uygulamaların kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Dahlia bitkisi, Dünya’da tanınmasına rağmen Türkiye’de bu konuda pek fazla bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Ayrıca Dahlia bitkisinin tohumdan fide aşamasına kadar geçen sürede, daha kaliteli fideler elde etmek için yeni izole edilen bakteri türlerinin kullanımı da oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu çalışma ile sürdürülebilir yöntemler arasında yer alan bakteri ve mikoriza uygulamaları ile fide kalitesini iyileştirmek önem arz etmektedir.

This study was carried out to determine the life span of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xeu) in seeds, soil and plant residues and the first inoculum source that cause the onset of the disease. The study was carried out in the province of Tokat. Rifampicin-resistant Xeu isolate was inoculated into soil, seeds and plant residues. As a result of the studies, it was determined that Xeu remained viable in inoculated seeds until the 220th day (7 months), and lived in the soil for 105 days in summer and 14 days in winter. In plant residues, it was determined that the the life span in summer period was 60 days at 0 cm depth, 30 days at 20 cm depth; 30 days at 0 cm depth and 15 days at 20 cm depth in that of winter period. According to the results of this study, it was determined that the Xeu did not survive for a long time in plant residues and soil in Tokat province and thus was not carried to the next year, on the other hand the seed was the most important source of inoculum.

Amaç: Bu çalışma, 2018 yılında Yozgat ili elma ve armut üretim alanlarında bakteriyel ateş yanıklığı hastalığının mevcut durumunu belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Survey yapılan elma ve armut bahçelerindeki ağaçlar hastalık yönünden değerlendirilmiş, enfekteli bitkilerden hastalık etmeni izole edilerek, morfolojik, biyokimyasal, fizyolojik ve moleküler yöntemlerle teşhis edilmiştir. Enfekteli 45 farklı bitki örneğinden elde edilen 86 bakteri izolatı arasından 20 izolatın morfolojik, biyokimyasal, fizyolojik ve moleküler testlemeler sonucunda Erwinia amylovora olduğu belirlenmiştir. Survey yapılan armut bahçelerinde hastalık yaygınlığı %91, bulunma oranı %20, hastalık şiddeti %29 düzeyinde olup, elma bahçelerinde hastalığın yaygınlığı %70, bulunma oranı %0.87, hastalık şiddeti %5.93 düzeyinde olduğu belirlenmiştir.Genel Yorum: Hastalığın Yozgat ili genelinde armut ağaçlarında elma ağaçlarına kıyasla daha yaygın sıklıkta görüldüğü, benzer şekilde hastalık şiddetinin armut ağaçlarında elma ağaçlarına göre daha yüksek düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Elde edilen sonuçlar hastalığın Yozgat ilinde mevcut durumunu ortaya koyarken, armut ağaçlarında ciddi sorunlara neden olması nedeniyle yeni tesis edilen bahçelerde hastalığa karşı ciddi tedbirlerin alınmasının gerekliliği bu çalışma ile bir kez daha öne çıkmıştır.

In this study, the effects of three different bacterial isolates added to the vase solution on the vase life were investigated. All three bacterial isolates significantly increased the vase life of gerbera cut flowers. While the vase life of the flowers in the control solution was 3 days, this period reached up to 11 days in the flowers kept in the vase containing bacteria. Daily water uptake decreased with increasing time in vase in all treatments. Although there were some differences between treatments in terms of daily water uptake, it has been determined that bacteria application does not have a significant effect on water uptake. The relative fresh weight decreased with increasing time in the vase. For example, in the solution containing Z7 bacteria, which allows the flowers to live the longest, the flower weight, which was 89 g on August 11, decreased day by day and decreased to 68 g on August 23. Bacteria applications slowed the rate of decrease in fresh weight. Bacillus cereus found to be more effective than other bacterial isolates in slowing fresh weight decrease.

This study was carried out to determine the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and mycorrhiza treatments on the development of Zinnia elegans L. ‘Zesty’ and Dahlia variabilis L. ‘Figaro Violet’ cultivars. In the study, a suspension was first prepared from bacterial isolates developed at 25±2 °C for 24 hours. The prepared suspensions were adjusted to an absorbance value of 0,3 at 600 nanometers in a spectrophotometer. D. variabilis seedlings were immersed in suspensions prepared from ZE-12, ZE-13 and ZE-12+ZE-13, Z. elegans seedlings were immersed in suspensions prepared from ZE-2, ZE-7, ZE-12, ZE-13, ZE-12+ZE-13 for 30 minutes. In addition, Z. elegans seedlings were kept in mycorrhiza prepared at a concentration of 5000 ppm for 10 seconds. At the end of the period, flower seedlings were planted in pots with a mixture of peat and perlite. As the control group, seedlings without rhizobacteria and mycorrhiza treatment were used in both cultivars. The experiment was established with 3 replications and 10 plants per replication. The applications made in the D. variabilis experiment remained the same as the control in all other parameters except root dry weight. ZE-13 application was effective on root dry weight. It was determined that the applications made in Z. elegans seedlings increased the flower stem thickness and the number of leaves, especially the ZE-13 application was the most effective application. In conclusion, with this study, it was revealed that rhizobacteria and mycorrhiza applications, which are of natural origin and do not harm the environment, have the potential to be used in ornamental plants cultivation, and that these applications should be expanded.

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) represent promotes plant growth by increasing the supply or availability of nutrients to the host plant. These bacterial applications are environmentally friendly techniques and their use has become widespread recently. Some PGPRs can increase nitrogen (N) fixation and have phosphate (P) solubilizing property. In the current study, we evaluated the synergistic effects of some useful bacteria and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a nitric oxide donor) in pepper plant. Nitric oxide (NO) acts as a signal molecule in plants and has important role in plant-bacteria symbiosis interaction. Three PGPR strains namely, Enterobacter cloacae (ZE-2), Pseudomonas putida (ZE-12) and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (ZE-13) were used and the bacteria possess phosphorous-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing properties. The applications of PGPRs alone and with combination of SNP (0.1 mM) were performed to the plant rhizosphere (the roots) through irrigation two times with two weeks interval starting with seedling planting. End of the study, many morphological parameters including stem diameter, plant height and biomass were improved by all applications compared to control. Root:shoot dry weight ratio decreased by the applications. Stem diameter, plant height and biomass were significantly increased with all treatments compared to control. The yield was found higher in all applications compared to control and the highest increase in the yield was provided by Enterobacter cloacae (ZE-2) application. Dry matter allocation in upper part of the plants provided higher plant yield. The applications significantly affected cell expansion and division. SNP increased the effect of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (ZE-13) bacteria on cell division in leaf cells and midrib size. Furthermore, Pseudomonas putida (ZE-12) increased the yield combining with SNP compared to alone use. The increase in the plant growth is related with the midrib size. The application of PGPR with SNP could be a promising approach in plant growing.