In recent years, tourism has established itself as one of the most important economic sectors worldwide. Given the economic importance of this activity, different international organizations have decided to bet on tourism as a development tool. However, the expansion of tourism, on many occasions, can cause significant environmental deterioration, so it is necessary to analyze the costs and benefits generated by tourism in those territories that host this activity. To deepen our knowledge about the relationship between tourism, environmental sustainability and economic development, the objective of this work is to analyze the relationships that may exist between these three variables, which will allow us to determine if tourism influences economic development, and if there are factors pertaining to environmental sustainability that influence this relationship. In this paper, a comparative analysis of cases is used to analyze how environmental sustainability influences the relationship between tourism and economic development. The analysis carried out shows that tourism, although with some limitations, can be configured as an instrument of economic development.

This research aims to study the growth of productivity in the service sector in the former Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) and their determinants. For this purpose, non-parametric frontier techniques were used to measure the variations in productivity and determine the explanatory factors of these changes in total factor productivity; the methodology of the Malmquist index with output orientation and its decomposition in technical change, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency was used for the period 2000–2019. The results obtained indicate that the productivity of services in the most recently incorporated countries grew by 1.3 per 100 on average per year compared to 1.6 per 100 in manufacturing. The most important driver of such growth was found to be improvement in technical change (frontier shift) rather than improvement in efficiency.

El presente trabajo se ocupa del análisis de la evolución reciente de la productividad del sector servicios en España y en Andalucía. El objetivo que se pretende alcanzar consiste, en primer lugar, en estudiar cómo ha evolucionado la productividad del sector terciario y de las ramas que lo componen; en segundo lugar, establecer una clasificación de las diferentes ramas de actividad en función del dinamismo de su productividad, producción y empleo y, finalmente, explicar las razones de los diferentes comportamientos de esas ramas en los distintos ámbitos señalados. El periodo temporal de análisis abarcará el presente siglo, tomando como fuente de datos fundamentalmente la Contabilidad Regional de España. Los resultados muestran que la reasignación del empleo entre los sectores con baja y alta productividad sólo tienen un débil impacto neto sobre la variación de la productividad agregada, tanto en Andalucía como en España. Por otro lado, el crecimiento de la productividad de algunas ramas es muy superior a la media del sector terciario, básicamente esto se produce en las ramas de información y comunicaciones y en la de finanzas y seguros.