Over the past few decades, various forms of platelet concentrates have evolved with significant clinical utility. The newer generation products, including leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), have shown superior biological properties in musculoskeletal regeneration than the first-generation concentrates, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and plasma rich in growth factors. These newer platelet concentrates have a complete matrix of physiological fibrin that acts as a scaffold with a three-dimensional (3D) architecture. Further, it facilitates intercellular signaling and migration, thereby promoting angiogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic activities. A-PRF with higher leukocyte inclusion possesses antimicrobial activity than the first generations. Due to the presence of enormous amounts of growth factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines that are released, A-PRF has the potential to replicate the various physiological and immunological factors of wound healing. In addition, there are more neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, all of which secrete essential chemotactic molecules. As a result, both L-PRF and A-PRF are used in the management of musculoskeletal conditions, such as chondral injuries, tendinopathies, tissue regeneration, and other sports-related injuries. In addition to this, its applications have been expanded to include the fields of reconstructive cosmetic surgery, wound healing in diabetic patients, and maxillofacial surgeries.

An ossifying soft-tissue lesion is potentially malignant. The possibility of malignancy increases in the absence of significant trauma. Pseudomalignant myositis ossificans can be easily confused with malignant lesions. A 22-year-old man presented with an ossifying mass in the adductor compartment of the thigh. The mass was excised and histopathologically reported as a soft-tissue osteosarcoma, but was later confirmed as pseudomalignant myositis ossificans by a pathologist specialising in oncology. Careful consideration and correlation of clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings is required to ensure the correct diagnosis is made and both initial and ongoing management is appropriate.

Meniscal tears are among the most common injuries in the knee, and partial as well as total meniscectomy has been advocated as the treatment for meniscal injury. Over the years, the role of the meniscus as a shock absorber, load transmitter, and secondary anterior stabilizer, along with its proprioceptive and lubrication role, has been well established, and meniscal repair is recommended, especially in younger individuals. Factors such as tear location, pattern, chronicity, size, and extent; repair technique; and patient age and habits can influence meniscal repair, and to enhance meniscal healing, a variety of augmentation techniques have been introduced. These include needling, trephination, synovial abrasion, and the use of adjuvants such as platelet‐rich plasma, platelet clots, fibrin clots, bone marrow clots, and stem cells. A second‐generation platelet derivative called “platelet‐rich fibrin” (PRF) has predictable platelet, growth factor, and cell mediator concentrations without using any anticoagulants. We describe a reproducible and simple way to harvest PRF and create and use a PRF clot, along with detailed instructions on how to integrate the clot with a meniscal repair arthroscopically. Technique Video: video See video under supplementary data.

A 34-year-old male patient presented with the complaint of chronic pain in the left groin following left side testicular vein ligation for varicocele. Ilio-inguinal neurectomy and cremaster muscle division was done in another hospital for the pain but with no relief of pain. Patient on examination showed point tenderness in the left groin at the pubic tubercle. Finger Invagination test in the left was painful with severe tenderness. Investigation showed fibrosed contracted left distal inguinal ligament. Percutaneous Ultrasonographic (USG) guided inguinal ligament release and Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) injection relieved the pain completely. Post-procedure patient showed significant improvement of pain.