The success of endodontic treatment depends on many factors. The most important of them are the knowledge and manual skills of the dentist.Materials and methods. We analyzed the condition of teeth after endodontic treatment in 300 patients aged 20 to 70 years. Were studied 300 images of CBCT, the number of treated teeth and the number of cases of unsuccessful endodontic treatment was analyzed.Results. According to CBCT data, high-quality obturation of the root canal system was observed in 1335 (75%) endodontically treated teeth. The reasons for successful endodontic treatment are under-sealing of the root canal (16%), removal of material beyond the apex (5.6%), and missed root canals (3.4%).Conclusion. Clinical dental patient examination revealed that maxillary and mandibular molars most often undergo endodontic treatment.

As a result of the study, it was found that the removal of dental plaque using low-frequency ultrasound and ozonized contact medium in chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis of young people can significantly improve the state of microbiocenosis of the gingival sulcus. The preservation of the main resident species is noted, occasional transient species disappear and the frequency of isolation of aggressive representatives of beta-hemolytic streptococci and periodontopathogenic species decreases. When using ozonated water for the removal of dental deposits, the efficiency of eradication of the microbiota of the gingival sulcus, especially of representatives of aggressive species, is higher than when removing dental deposits without the use of ozonated water.

The dental status of 148 patients aged 18 to 22 years. All students who were diagnosed with generalized catarrhal gingivitis (46) were carried out removal of dental plaque with ozonation of the environment. The results of clinical studies indicate the high efficiency of the use of the removal of dental plaque using low-frequency ultrasound using an ozonized contact medium in the treatment of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis. The treatment carried out using this method contributed to the elimination of inflammation, the normalization of blood circulation in the gums. 3 months after the treatment, the achieved effect was preserved, which was confirmed by the data of clinical and functional research methods. Despite a slight increase in inflammation in the gums and a deterioration in microcirculation indicators, even a year after treatment, the indicators characterizing the degree of inflammatory and microcirculatory disorders in the gums retained significant differences compared to the values obtained before the treatment.

Relevance. The problem of the effectiveness of oral hygiene is currently relevant due to the introduction of new tools and methods of Prophylaxis hygiene.Objective. The aim of this study is to Conduct a literature review from different database on modern methods of professional oral hygiene using the keywords: air polishing; glycine; sodium bicarbonate; dental caries; alternative methods, air abrasive. To study different literature sources on the effectiveness of using modern air-abrasive procedures for professional hygiene.Methods. Electronic databases PubMed, eLibrary were screened. Selected studies that investigate the efficacy of various professional hygiene practices and their effects on the state of the oral cavity.Results. By keywords, 1345 abstracts were found that cover the results of scaling – 544, polishing – 704, remineralization – 97. 24 were included in the analysis on various methods of oral hygiene, taking into account the state of hard and soft tissues when using air-abrasive polishing.Conclusion. Data confirms the variety of professional oral hygiene methods used and the efficacy of their results. Studies on the impact of various procedures of curette, scaling, and polishing on tooth tissues have shown conflicting findings. More research into the efficacy of professional oral hygiene practices is required.

Fifth-generation adhesives are very popular in daily clinical practice. They have reduced number of components by combining a primer and an adhesive in a «single bottle». These adhesives have become more popular due to the reduction of application stages, but their adhesion strength to dentin turned out to be worse than that of the fourth-generation adhesives. The main mechanisms of adhesion of any dental material: moistening of the surface, micromechanical adhesion, chemical adhesion.Aim. To evaluate the bond strength of tooth tissues with the filling material using different fifth-generation adhesive protocols.Materials and methods. We used the 40 exctracted teeth due to orthodontic indications (molars and premolars). In preparation for the experiment the teeth were randomly divided into 2 equal groups according to the number of adhesive protocols used: control and main. The teeth surfaces (n=20) of the control group were treated according to the instructions, the surface treatment with a moistening agent was added to the protocol of teeth surfaces (n=20) in the main group before applying the adhesive. After curing of the adhesive a 3×3 steel detachable cylindrical mold was installed on the surface of the samples (n=40) of both groups filled with a composite paste. The prepared samples of the control (n=10) and main (n=10) groups of 2 subgroups were subjected to thousands (1000s) thermocycles with a temperature of (5±2) °C and (60±2) °C. Tests of the adhesive shear bond strength of the prepared (n=40) samples of the control (n=20) and main (n=20) groups before and after thermocycling were carried out on a universal testing machine SYNTHEZ 5.Conclusion: Thermocycling provides the reliable adhesion but reduces the adhesive strength of the filling material with hard tissues of the tooth. Adding of moisturizing agent into the protocol leads to a decrease in the adhesion strength up to 15% compared to 7% in protocol without it.

The root canal system is complicated and has many anatomical variations among different populations. It is so important to understand the morphology of root canal system before any endodontic procedure, since the lack of knowledge of root canal system could lead to missing the additional root canals which causes failure of endodontic treatment. The study of root canal anatomy was carried out by many researchers and among different populations using various techniques. The presence of additional root canals was most commonly observed in molars. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the morphology of root canal system of maxillary and mandibular molars and its variation among populations.