COVID-19 vaccination is considered to improve psychological well-being. The study results revealed that vaccinated individuals had higher life satisfaction scores and lower scores for depression, anxiety, hopelessness, and oversensitivity to somatic symptoms than those who were not vaccinated and that vaccination may have a positive effect on improving mental health.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of climate change education on pregnant women's climate change awareness and anxiety.Study Design: Quasi‐experimental research with pre‐ and post‐test design.Methods: This study was conducted among pregnant women who visited a tertiary maternity hospital between April and June 2023 to assess climate change awareness, perception, knowledge, behavioral and policy expectations, and anxiety before and after the introduction of climate change education. The first phase of the study was conducted by distributing a set of questions related to sociodemographics and completing the Climate Change Awareness Scale and the Climate Change Worry Scale, followed by climate change education where pregnant women were exposed to a brochure entitled “Pregnancy and Climate Change”. After the intervention, pregnant women were assessed using the same questionnaire.Results: There was a significant decrease in pregnant women's anxiety regarding climate change (p < 0.001). Participants' awareness (p < 0.001), perception (p < 0.001), knowledge (p < 0.001), and policy expectations regarding climate change significantly increased (p < 0.001), while their anxiety levels decreased (p < 0.001).Conclusion: The study suggests that climate change education may reduce climate change anxiety among pregnant women while also enhancing their awareness, and improving their perceptions, knowledge, behaviors, and policy expectations about climate change.

Background. Thyroid disorder is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases worldwide and neglected public health issues in Somalia. The aim of the study thus was to investigate the thyroid disorders in patients attending to the largest tertiary referral hospital in Somalia. Methods. This retrospective study was conducted on patients admitted to the internal department of Somalia Mogadishu-Turkey Education and Research Hospital, Somali, between January 2017 and December 2019. Patients who were tested for thyroid function tests and had complete data were included. Patients with incomplete data and currently treated for any thyroid disorder were excluded from the study. Abstracted data including patients sociodemographic characteristics, thyroid function tests, and histopathological findings were retrieved from the hospital database system. Results. A total of 976 patients with thyroid disorders were enrolled, of whom 66.6 (n=650) were female and 33.4 (n=326) were male. The mean age of the patients was 47±18.5 years. The majority of the patients were reported in the 3150 (35.9) age range. The most reported thyroid function disorders were 58.8 euthyroid sick syndrome followed by 15.4 hypothyroidism, 12.5 subclinical hypothyroidism, 7.6 hyperthyroidism, and 5.7 subclinical hyperthyroidism. The distribution of comorbidity indicated that 13.4 had diabetes mellitus, 10.4 had HIV, 4.9 had malaria, and 4.5 had HIV and malaria coinfection. Thyroid malignancies were detached in 22 (2.2) patients including eleven papillary thyroid cancer, nine patients had follicular thyroid cancer, and two patients had differentiated thyroid cancer. Conclusions. Euthyroid sick syndrome was the most common type of thyroid disease in our setup. Hypothyroidism is the second most common, followed by subclinical hypothyroidism. Papillary thyroid cancer was the predominant histology among thyroid malignancies, followed by follicular thyroid cancer. This study revealed that thyroid diseases emerge as an important endocrine disorder encountered in Somali, necessitating a major public health response.

To evaluate safety, efficacy, pre- and postoperative outcomes of vNOTES hysterectomy compared to conventional laparoscopic (CL) hysterectomy. This prospective study was conducted on patients who underwent CL or vNOTES hysterectomy for benign gynecological indications between January and July 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, and surgical data were collected. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes were evaluated using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. A total of 228 patients (CL vs. vNOTES: 147 vs. 81) were included. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of blood loss, uterine weight, complications, length of hospital stay, and readmission rate. Patients in the vNOTES group experienced significantly less postoperative pain and required less analgesia compared to those who underwent CL hysterectomy (p < 0.001). The CL group had a shorter operative time (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference between the two groups in the EQ-5D-5L pain/discomfort dimension (p = 0.047). This research showed that vNOTES has various advantages, such as less postoperative pain, reduced analgesic usage, and better HRQoL outcomes three months after surgery.

Background: Nurses who are one of the pivotal elements of countries’ strategic responses to COVID-19 are being exposed to COVID-19. Aims: To investigate the underlying characteristics of nurses who died due to COVID-19. Methods: On 1 September 2020, a grey literature search was conducted. Data obtained through Medscape, Google, PubMed, government and non-government websites. The search strategy was carried out using variants and combinations of keywords related to ‘nurse’ and ‘COVID-19’ in English. Abstracted data included age, gender, type of nurse, department of nursing, country, date of death and publication characteristics. Results: Out of reported 1518 COVID-19-related nurse deaths, details of age, gender and department of nursing were available for 766 (50%), 945 (62%) and 153 (10%) of nurses, respectively. The median age of the nurses was 56 years. The majority of deaths were reported in the 46- to 65 (32%)-year age range. While the registered nurses had the highest number of deaths according to types of nurses (680/957; 71%), they are mental health nurses (42/153; 28%) in the department of nursing. The countries with the most reported nurse deaths were USA, South Africa, Mexico and Russia. Conclusions: The predominance of deceased mental health nurses among nursing departments can be examined in future studies. Supportive health policies can be developed to increase the motivation of nurses.