Aim of the study. The occurrence of migraine is linked with some common lifestyle activities and conditions preceding the attack. Our study presents known and presumptive lifestyle factors and activities related to migraine, and compares them to the frequency of headache attacks. Material and methods. 40 female patients of the Headache Outpatient Clinic in Warsaw, Poland, diagnosed with migraine, mean age 44.6 years, and 40 female participants from the control group, mean age 39.5 years, were included in the study. The study employed questionnaires reporting the presence of lifestyle factors and socioeconomic predispositions as well as the Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS) as data collection methods. Results. Correlations between some of the lifestyle factors and the frequency of migraines occurred statistically significantly. Conclusions. Some factors and lifestyle activities such as stress, relaxation, specific dietary products, fasting, fatigue, bright light, noise, weather changes or menstruation may have an influence on migraine frequency and severity in female patients, which can have an impact on migraine prevention. Aim of the study. The occurrence of migraine is linked with some common lifestyle activities and conditions preceding the attack. Our study presents known and presumptive lifestyle factors and activities related to migraine, and compares them to the frequency of headache attacks. Material and methods. 40 female patients of the Headache Outpatient Clinic in Warsaw, Poland, diagnosed with migraine, mean age 44.6 years, and 40 female participants from the control group, mean age 39.5 years, were included in the study. The study employed questionnaires reporting the presence of lifestyle factors and socioeconomic predispositions as well as the Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS) as data collection methods. Results. Correlations between some of the lifestyle factors and the frequency of migraines occurred statistically significantly. Conclusions. Some factors and lifestyle activities such as stress, relaxation, specific dietary products, fasting, fatigue, bright light, noise, weather changes or menstruation may have an influence on migraine frequency and severity in female patients, which can have an impact on migraine prevention.

Purpose Migraine without aura is the most common type of the condition, whereas migraine with aura is substantially less common. Several features of aura symptoms may help us to define a different management approach. The aim of the study is to describe the characteristics of migraine aura and...

Purpose Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) is a rare cause of painful ophtalmoplegia with different clinical manifestations. It is des­cribed as a unilateral periorbital headache with concomitant dysfunction of at least one out of the IIIrd, IVth and VIth cranial nerves due to the granulomatous...

Background/Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) constitutes a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disease, with dissemination in space and time, warranting diagnosis. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to MS pathogenesis. This review summarizes evidence on EBV-related mechanisms of currently approved disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and emerging EBV-directed therapeutic strategies in MS. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science was performed. Original English-language studies addressing EBV-related therapeutic mechanisms or EBV-targeted interventions in MS were included; 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Current DMTs may influence EBV-related immunity through diverse mechanisms, including modulation of B-cell subsets, altered lymphocyte trafficking, reduction in EBV-specific humoral responses, and restoration of T-cell surveillance. Monoclonal antibody-based therapies, particularly anti-CD20 agents and natalizumab, appear to affect the EBV–B-cell–immune axis through distinct but complementary mechanisms. Other interventions, including interferons, glatiramer acetate, dimethyl fumarate, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and vitamin D supplementation, may also modulate EBV-specific cellular or humoral responses, although the magnitude and durability of these effects vary. Emerging EBV-directed approaches, including EBV-specific T-cell therapy, inhibition of specific proteins, modulation of autophagy, and cholesterol-dependent viral latency, provide additional support for targeting EBV-related pathways in MS. Conclusions: The therapeutic efficacy of DMTs in MS may extend beyond nonspecific immunomodulation and involve partial disruption of EBV-driven immune persistence. Further controlled studies are required to validate EBV-related biomarkers and determine whether direct EBV-targeted therapies can provide sustained clinical benefit.

Purpose Adolescent suicidal behaviour is a serious and concerning public health problem that requires ongoing attention. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of suicidal thoughts among 14-15-year-olds in Lviv (Ukraine) and Warsaw (Poland) and to identify associated psychosocial factors....