Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the motivation of social and environmental initiatives among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approach: Using institutional and resource-based theory, this study uses qualitative approach, and data were collected by interviewing 17 SMEs owners who adopt social and environmental initiatives in their business.Findings: This study found that SME engagement in social and environmental practices is more by the intrinsic values of the owners with strong morality-based motives than the organisational need for competitive advantage. This finding indicates that the SME owner's personal values are translated into corporate values with limited consideration for organisational capacity. Nevertheless, there are various antecedent factors related to SMEs' social and environmental engagement. SMEs' social motives are driven more by the religious values of the owners, while environmental initiatives are generated as a result of the internalisation of knowledge and insight from the education system of the owners.Practical implications: This study finding revealed that experiences of SME owners during their school time significantly affect their environmental interests. Accordingly, the authors argued that the education for sustainable development agendas should be thoughtfully designed in higher education's curriculum and ecosystem. So, the mindset of social and environmental awareness had been cultivated as the core value of future entrepreneurs.Originality/value: The paper describes antecedent factors of social and environmental interests of SMEs in Indonesia.

The importance of social capital in analyzing economic progress and development has long been acknowledged. However, little research has actually looked into how social capital functions and what role it plays in community development initiatives. This case study explores communities’ experiences of receiving CSR funds informing a community development program. The informants of this study were the participants of the CSR program from three communities forested by three companies’ CSR, which received reward funding from the Indonesian government. By using qualitative data collection, this study interviewed five to seven people who participated in the CSR programs or approximately 16 people. This study found five ways that social capital contributes to the success of a CSR program. They are (1) increasing the likelihood that people will participate in the program; (2) lessening individual ambiguity caused by certain program implementation uncertainties; (3) fostering morale and motivation among participants; (4) promoting knowledge sharing; and (5) strengthening the sense of togetherness. In the future, additional case studies from various regions of Indonesia and other nations may examine local conditions and diversity when implementing CSR programs.

Purpose: – The purpose of this study is to explore the extent of relational and institutional pressures’ influence on both the motivation for and diffusion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices of multinational corporation (MNC) subsidiaries in the food industries in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approach: – This study uses qualitative approach, and the data were collected by interviewing CSR managers and investigating the CSR practices and the annual reports of six subsidiaries of food-manufacturing MNCs in Indonesia.Findings: – This study found that internal pressures within MNC organisations are the main drivers of their CSR practices. These finding were, then, refined to account for local cognitive and normative institutional pressures. It was also found that while regulation in a host country was critical to its subsidiary compliance, it did not contribute appreciably to the precise types of CSR practices. The (isomorphic) similarity of CSR patterns had less to do with the institutional pressures but more with sector- or field-level pressures in food manufacturing. Most MNC subsidiaries focused on issues such as agricultural or rural development (related to their supply chain) or health and nutrition (related to their core business).Research limitations/implications: – This study focuses on a specific industrial sector (food and beverage manufacture); therefore, the isomorphic patterns could not be concluded as an influential effect of the institutional context of Indonesia; rather, they are due to sectoral- or field-level pressure in food and beverage manufacturing. To confirm this study results, a multi-sectoral involvement in future studies is suggested.Originality/value: – This study uses organisational dynamics and institutional theory to explore CSR adoption in multinational subsidiaries in Indonesia.

Sustainability-related communication involving youth and children continues to be difficult to practice effectively and sustainably. This study examines how effective a particular approach to sustainability communication is at raising children’s environmental awareness through an educational program. Participatory action research and storytelling as a narrative paradigm were used to examine the effectiveness of bio-based experiential learning. A total of 74 students (ages 9 to 11) from Bandung, Indonesia, participated in the program. Twenty parents also participated in providing feedback for the campaign on how to change their children’s behavior towards the environment. The outcome demonstrates that the communication approach of bio-based experiential learning activities provides children with valuable education. The children are taught about urban farming, environmental awareness, and social responsibility. In the long run, it is hoped that children will be motivated to start an environmentally friendly business, particularly in biotechnology for the environment, to foster a sustainable city.

Purpose: This study aims to integrate CSR programs and stakeholders in the Saguling Reservoir area (West Java) by proposing recommendations in the form of an ecosystem of shared value model that can be implemented by all stakeholders in related ecosystems to restore the function of the Citarum River and increase regional competitiveness, to increase the standard of living of the people in the area. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework used is The Ecosystem of Shared Value as a New Model of CSR, Pentahelix Collaboration, and Nature-Based Solution Approach. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a qualitative research approach with an action research design. There are two types of data used in this study, namely Primary Data (Group Discussion, Observation, and Depth Interview) and Secondary Data (Literature and Document Review). This study also uses the data analysis technique of the Miles and Huberman model which consists of three stages that must be carried out, namely data reduction, data display, and data verification. Findings: The results show that the CSR approach in the Saguling Hydropower area is quite good, but the shared value generated is still low, especially for the Saguling Reservoir and the hydropower itself, because the current community development programs are only aimed at the community. The community development program in the Saguling Reservoir has been running for a long time, but these programs have not been integrated, so an ecosystem of shared value model is needed that can integrate several of these programs. The mapping of community development programs along the Citarum river basin (West Java) from upstream to downstream (Citarum River ring 1 area) must be carried out through intense collaboration and coordination with stakeholders. Research, Practical & Social implications: The practical implication is that this ecosystem of shared value model can help stakeholders carry out a common agenda, namely "Restoring the Functions of the Citarum River". In addition, the application of the model, which is also accompanied by the ongoing collaboration between stakeholders, can transform the Saguling Reservoir area into a tourist village area as a form of support for the development agenda in West Java and Indonesia. Originality/value: The research carried out is very significant in the study of corporate social responsibility, especially in the implementation of the ecosystem of shared value model, the output of which is a change towards a tourism village area. This research is also research oriented to social change.

Higher education institutions play important roles in the community. Unfortunately, measuring the accomplishment of HEIs in developing communities is challenging. Most HEI contributions to the community are merely a formality and moral obligation. This study’s identified gap is the absence of integration of community development activities into HEIs, which would boost their impact on environmental sustainability. This study intends to investigate how institutions that support entrepreneurial-oriented community development affect students’ learning and impact society. This study employs an action research approach to develop long-term actionable knowledge. This approach employed a case study from the Rural Community Development Program, a community empowerment program based on institutionalized entrepreneurship practices (formal courses in the curriculum) from ABC University (a pseudonym). The RCDP allows the HEI to interact with society through a dual simultaneous cycle which allow knowledge transfer, social value transfer, and business development with its partners. This model allows more than 100 groups of students at ABC University to be more focused in developing community. On the theoretical side, the RCDP contributes by encouraging the role of social entrepreneurship courses which provides a more significant impact through practice-based lectures while also significantly impacting rural communities’ business knowledge in developing their micro enterprises.