The research aims to identify the inhibitory potential of natural dietary phytochemicals against non-insulinotropic target protein alpha-glucosidase and its possible implications to diabetes mellitus type 2.A data set of sixteen plant-derived dietary molecules viz., 4,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone, apigenin, bromelain, caffeic acid, cholecalciferol, dihydrokaempferol 7-o-glucopyranoside, galactomannan, genkwanin, isoimperatorin, luteolin, luteolin 7-o-glucoside, neohesperidin, oleanoic acid, pelargonidin-3-rutinoside, quercetin, and quinic acid were taken to accomplish molecular docking succeeded by their comparison with known inhibitors including acarbose, miglitol, voglibose, emiglitate, and 1-deoxynojirimycin. Among all phyto-compounds, bromelain (ΔG: -9.54 kcal/mol), cholecalciferol (-8.47 kcal/mol), luteolin (-9.02 kcal/mol), and neohesperidin (-8.53 kcal/mol) demonstrated better binding interactions with alpha-glucosidase in comparison to the best-known inhibitor, acarbose (ΔG: -7.93 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics simulation of 10 ns duration, CYP450 site of metabolism identification, and prediction of activity spectra for substances depicted the bromelain as the most stable inhibitor compared to luteolin and acarbose. Findings of molecular interactions, molecular dynamics study, metabolism, and biological activity prediction proved bromelain as a potential alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. Thus, bromelain might be helpful as an insulin-independent therapeutic molecule towards controlling and managing diabetes mellitus type 2.

Background. Nasal septal deviation (NSD) plays a critical role in nasal obstruction symptoms, aesthetic look of the nose, increased nasal resistance, and occasionally snoring. Septoplasty is the most common method for correction of deviated nasal septum (DNS). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the association between initial clinical presentations of patients selected for septoplasty and demographical characteristics in Northern Saudi Arabia.Methodology. Archives related to all patients selected for septoplasty between 2012 and 2017 were retrieved from ENT Department at King Khalid Hospital in Hail, Northern Saudi Arabia. Only adults over 18 years of age were included in this study.Results. With regard to the clinical presentations, almost all patients presented with variable degrees of nasal congestions, nasal blockages, breathing troubles, sleeping troubles, and exercise problems.Conclusion. Nasal obstruction is prevalent in Northern Saudi Arabia with peaks being in the years 2016 and 2014 with the most etiological factor being DNS.

Background: The rise in cosmetic procedures globally, particularly rhinoplasty, reflects evolving beauty standards and increasing acceptance, necessitating nuanced surgical approaches tailored to diverse ethnicities and patient preferences. Purpose: This article outlines an estimation model of common nasal deformities among individuals seeking rhinoplasty, specifically in Saudi patients, with age and sex serving as foundational parameters. Study design, setting, and sample: This retrospective study, conducted at the University of Hail and Saudi German Hospital, Saudi Arabia, aimed to examine the prevalence of nasal deformities among 310 individuals seeking rhinoplasty. Data collected from medical records were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics to characterize demographics and assess associations between variables and nasal deformities. The study’s findings contribute valuable insights into rhinoplasty candidacy and treatment outcomes, informing clinical practice and enhancing patient care. Results: The study analyzed nasal deformities in 310 individuals seeking rhinoplasty at the University of Hail and Saudi German Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Results showed a balanced sex distribution and a majority in the 25 to 34 age range. Prevalent deformities included external nasal deviation (55.5%), broad dorsum (36.1%), and dorsal hump (57.7%). Multinomial logistic regression found that males had 2.15 times higher odds of external nasal deviation. For a broad nasal tip shape, males had 0.33 times lower odds compared with females. Age did not significantly predict most deformities except for a square nasal tip shape, where younger age groups were more likely to have it. Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of considering age and sex in the assessment and treatment of nasal deformities among individuals seeking rhinoplasty, providing valuable insights for tailored surgical approaches. These demographic factors play a significant role in understanding the prevalence and characteristics of common nasal deformities, thus enhancing patient care and treatment outcomes in rhinoplasty procedures.