Background: Understanding the factors influencing work engagement among nurses is crucial for ensuring high-quality care and positive patient outcomes. Despite numerous factors associated with nurse work engagement, many were explored before the pandemic, potentially overlooking aspects relevant to the current context. Aim: To explore and update factors related to nurse work engagement in the new normal era. Design: Systematic review. Data Sources: The search was restricted to articles published from 2019 to 2024 in CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and ProQuest, with full English text. The search was conducted from September 13th to 15th, 2023. Quantitative research articles that examined factors related to work engagement were included. Review Methods: Data extraction, quality appraisal, and data analysis were performed in all included studies. Manual content analysis method was used to classify and group the factors. Results: Sixty-one research articles were included in the final review. Five key groups of factors were generated from content analysis, including 1) individual-related factors, 2) organizational-related factors, 3) job and role-related factors, 4) work-life balance, and 5) work environment. Conclusion: Understanding and addressing these multifaceted factors holistically is essential to develop strategies to sustain optimal engagement levels among nursing staff and improve overall patient care outcomes. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings.

Juanamasta IG, et al. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2021 Aug;51(4):430-441. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21075

Background: Nurse team leaders encounter considerable ethical challenges that necessitate using effective strategies to overcome them. However, there is a lack of research exploring the experiences of nurse team leaders in Indonesia who face ethical dilemmas in their professional duties. Objective: This study aimed to explore nurse team leaders’ experiences regarding strategies and challenges in dealing with ethical problems in hospital settings in Indonesia. Methods: This qualitative study employed a hermeneutic phenomenology design. Online semi-structured interviews were conducted between November 2021 and February 2022 among 14 nurse team leaders selected using a snowball sampling from seven hospitals (three public and four private hospitals). Van Manen’s approach was used for data analysis. Results: The strategies for overcoming ethical dilemmas included (i) seeking the facts, (ii) stepping back, (iii) considering support, and (iv) standing by patients. The challenges for the nurse team leaders in resolving ethical problems consisted of (i) seniority, (ii) trust issue, and (iii) lack of reflection and ethics training. Conclusion: Nurse team leaders recognize their specific roles in the midst of ethical challenges and seek strategies to deal with them. However, a negative working environment might impact ethical behavior and compromise the provision of quality care. Therefore, it is imperative for hospital management to take note of these findings and address issues related to seniority by providing regular ethics training and group reflection sessions to maintain nurses' ethical knowledge in hospital practice. Such interventions can support nurse team leaders in resolving ethical dilemmas and provide a conducive environment for ethical decision-making, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Stereotyping of nurses still occurs nowadays in Indonesia. Society and healthcare think nursing is a doctor helper service. The public image of a nurse as a doctor's helper is hard to erase. Thus, the nursing development in Indonesia needs to be explored in describing the stereotyping and the nursing conditions in the current situation. The study used a narrative review with 45 sources analyzed and extracted. Nursing education has been developed since colonialism. The first time the Netherland Indies built the hospital and they used Babu or a helper as a nurse. The result showed it had a negative impact, which showed as they started to train nurses. They trained male nurses to be Mantri nurses as hulpgeneesheeren (ancillary doctors). After independence, the project HOPE influenced the development of nursing in Indonesia. Indonesian nurses focused on technical aspects and added the nursing process to the education curricula in 1986. However, nurses’ practice culture did not change for a long time because of a lack of research and literature being evaluated during 1990–2010. Indonesia nursing started to increase the education, practice, and research afterward, with specifically the declaration of the Indonesian Nursing Act. It brought nurses into the professionalism of healthcare which the Indonesian government recognized. Then, nurses have faced new problems, including practice and education gaps. The development of nurses will increase autonomy and dignity. Increasing education curricula, practice competency, and research impact will change the perspective of society with the support of recognition and education from the nursing organization. In addition, the nursing organization has an essential role in nursing development in each country.

BACKGROUND: The nurse will successfully apply high quality of care if maintaining their comptencies. The quality of nursing care is dynamic, and competency is needed to be adapted. Besides, The presence of clinical nurse educator (CNE) able to strengthen nurses’ knowledge and skill in the clinical setting. AIM: This study aimed to explore the benefits and challenges of CNEs. METHODS: A qualitative exploratory design was used in this study. Data were collected by focus group discussion with eight CNEs at Sanglah General Hospital Bali. Content analysis was used for analyzing the data. RESULTS: The findings of this study suggest certain advantages for the hospital, such as continuing professional education and becoming a role model. Greater incentive to learn, as well as personal rewards such as increased self-confidence, being appreciated, and trust. A lack of support from management related to educational preparation for this function, the ambiguous role, the necessity to continue giving direct care, and the CNE ratio with the number of nurses is not equal were some of the challenges that arose. CONCLUSION: CNEs serve a critical role in the clinical context. They help nurses with ongoing education and competency maintenance. While numerous excellent outcomes have developed for hospitals and CNEs personally, many of them confront several obstacles in fulfilling their work properly.