We have employed glass nanopore as a single molecule technique for direct sensing amyloidosis process of Aβ1–42 peptide, which of great significance in Alzheimer's disease.

Understanding the single molecular protein–protein interaction has great significance in evaluating the affinity of a specific antibody. Herein, the interaction between single α-fetal protein (AFP) and its antibody was monitored via transient ionic current recording by using the antibody functionalized nanopore sensors. More importantly, the kinetic evaluation was performed at the single molecule level to determine the dissociation constant of this interaction. This method enables the monitoring of the kinetic antigen–antibody interaction in their heterogenetic state without any labelling. Our results provided new insights into the evaluation of the antibody's binding affinity and more into the development of immunoassays for diagnostics.