A broadband NIR luminescence material BaZrGe₃O₉:Cr³⁺ was designed, the crystal field parameters and Huang–Rhys factor were calculated to evaluate the luminescence. The potential application for NIR pc-LED was demonstrated.

Luminescence and electronic properties of Ba₂MgSi₂O₇:Eu²⁺were investigated under optical and low-voltage cathode ray excitations and by hybrid DFT calculations.

Mn ²⁺ doping is beneficial for boosting the emission of self-trapped excitons in Cs ₄ SnBr ₆ . The Mn ²⁺ -doped Cs ₄ SnBr ₆ exhibits an enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield of up to ∼75%, a broadened emission spectrum, and improved thermal stability.

The mechanism of the heterogeneous nucleation of NbC on TiC precipitates was investigated systematically in this paper. The interfacial properties of NbC (100)/TiC (100), NbC (110)/TiC (110), and NbC (111)/TiC (111) interfaces were studied by first-principles calculations. The results showed that the NbC (111)/TiC (111) interface with the Nb–C bond is the most stable one, and the stability of interfaces with the C–Ti, Nb–Ti, and C–C bonds decreases in turn. The interface of the Nb/C-terminated and Third Layer (TL) stacking sequence (NCTL) has the largest adhesion work (10.15 J/m²) and the smallest equilibrium interface spacing (1.290 Å). In the range of low niobium (Nb) chemical potential and high carbon (C) chemical potential, the nucleation of NbC on TiC precipitates takes precedence over the epitaxy growth in the coherent relationship of ${\left[1\overline{1}0\right]\left(111\right)}_{\mathrm{NbC}}//{\left[1\overline{1}0\right]\left(111\right)}_{\mathrm{TiC}}$ , while the nucleation of NbC on TiC precipitates is prior to the epitaxy growth in the coherent relationship of ${\left[001\right]\left(100\right)}_{\mathrm{NbC}}//{\left[001\right]\left(100\right)}_{\mathrm{TiC}}$ in the range of high niobium (Nb) chemical potential and low carbon (C) chemical potential. Besides, the characteristics of heterogeneous nucleation precipitates in Nb–Ti microalloyed steels were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The orientation relationship between the (Ti, Nb) C and (Nb, Ti) C precipitates follows ${\left[1\overline{1}0\right]\left(111\right)}_{(\mathrm{Nb}, \mathrm{TiC})}//{\left[1\overline{1}0\right]\left(111\right)}_{(\mathrm{Ti}, \mathrm{Nb})\mathrm{C}}$ , which is consistent with the calculated result.

Cr ³⁺ enhances Lu ₂ CaMg ₂ Si ₃ O ₁₂ :Ni ²⁺ for better NIR-II emission, efficiency, and food detection via a convolutional neural network model.

Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are receiving increasing attention as photovoltaic (PV) modules to replace glass for seamless integration into the urban architectural landscape. Glass facades exhibiting different transparencies are highly demanded, however, LSCs with similar features of frosted glass are rarely reported. In this work, we developed eco-friendly multifunctional frosted LSCs (FLSCs) by incorporating the Si_5.9Al_0.1O_0.1N_7.9:Eu²⁺ phosphor with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) up to 93% and the SrAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ phosphor with bright persistent luminescence into a thiol–ene polymer. A record-high external quantum efficiency (η_ext) of 29.8% is demonstrated for a 5 cm × 5 cm FLSC with the corresponding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.37% and optical efficiency (η_opt) of 3.4% by attaching Si PV cells along the FLSC. The FLSC is proven to be an excellent substitute for commercial frosted glass thanks to its similar aesthetic quality. In addition to PV modules, FLSCs also act as zero-energy nightscape lighting devices due to the persistent luminescence. FLSCs exhibit favorable photostability during 150 h of 1 Sun illumination. Therefore, this work develops a new type of multifunctional and stable FLSC, which can not only replace frosted glass in multiple scenarios, but also play important roles in photovoltaic and lighting applications.