As sementes de pulses são sementes secas proveniente de leguminosas, que possuem uma importância mundial devido os benefícios que trazem a saúde, essas sementes movimentam o mercando econômico tanto o mercado interno como o externo devido à crescente demanda tanto da índia como de outros países. Por essa razão está revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo descrever o cenário e produção e comercialização de sementes de pulses de lentilha, Feijão, Grão-de-bico e Ervilha. No que tange a situação atual dessas sementes de pulses citadas acima é que há pouca demanda por sementes de pulses e as pessoas tem uma certa preferência dietética por tipos específicos de pulses, preço e disponibilidade no mercado como mostra os resultados apresentados neste trabalho, em relação a perspectiva é que a sementes de pulses dobre a sua produção com o passar dos anos devido à grande procura, demanda e por preços mais acessíveis.

A alternative to producing litchi (Litchi sinensis Sonn.) seedlings is by cuttings. However, the main drawback of using this method is related to the difficulty of rooting presented by this species. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the rooting of semihardwood cuttings of litchi ‘Bengal’ at different concentrations of indolebutyric acid, with or without incision in the base. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replicates of 10 cuttings in a factorial 3X2 (three IBA concentrations: 0, 1.000 and 2.000 mg L-1; with or without incision in the base). After 126 days, the variables evaluated were: cutting survival, leaf retention, cutting with callus not rooted, rooted cutting, number of roots per cutting, length of major roots per cutting and dry weight of roots per cutting. For rooting, the IBA application was efficient only when the cuttings were not injured. In addition, there was no influence of the types of cuttings in the IBA concentrations. However, in those with incision at the base, the means were higher without the application of the plant growth regulator. Thus, the 'Bengal' litchi can be multiplied by semihardwood cuttings with incision at the base of the cuttings, without the use of IBA.

The objective of this work was to perform the morphological and physicochemical characterization of ‘BRS Rubra Cara’ cultivar aiming at identifying characters with potential for use in ornamentation. The work was carried out from May to December 2018 in the post-harvest laboratory of the Federal University of Pelotas-RS and in the experimental orchard of “Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura”, Cruz das Almas-BA. The experimental design was completely randomized, using 10 adult leaves, 10 fully open flowers, 10 ripe fruits and 10 adult plants. Thirty-eight morphological characteristics of leaves, flowers, fruits and plants were evaluated, as well as physicochemical pH, acidity and soluble solids evaluations performed in triplicate. The results show great versatility for use of the ‘BRS Rubra Cara’ cultivar in the various niches of the ornamental plants market, with emphasis on its use in landscaping and pots.

The objective of this work was to identify the most suitable conditions for the evaluation of the germination test in corn seeds through the use of different substrates. Two tests were carried out for the development of the work. In test 1, the hybrid Morgan 30A37 PWV was used in a factorial scheme of 5 substrates with 8 chemical treatments. The seeds were treated industrially with the following insecticides: Inside FS, Inside FS + Maestro FS, Maestro FS, Poncho, Inside FS + BioCoat Corn, Inside FS + Maestro FS + BioCoat Corn and Maestro FS + BioCoat Corn. For test 2, the hybrid used was the FS533 PWV in a factorial scheme of 5 substrates and 5 treatments, in which the seeds received the industrial treatment with the insecticides: Inside FS, Inside FS + Maestro FS, Maestro FS and Poncho. Both tests were submitted to two temperatures (20°C and 25°C) and five substrates (germitest® paper; germitest® paper + sand; germitest® paper + soil; germitest® paper + coal and brown paper). The most suitable substrates for installing the germination test in chemically treated corn seeds were brown pepper and germitest® + charcoal. And the temperature of 20°C is the one that allows the most uniform and rapid development of normal seedlings in the germination test in treated hybrid corn seeds.

Salinity and water deficit are among the main stress situations that affect germination and seedling development in the field. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the germination and growth of white oat seedlings subjected to water and saline stress at different temperatures. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a triple factorial arrangement, with two osmotic solutions (PEG 6000 and NaCl), five osmotic potentials (-0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa) and two temperatures (20 and 25 °C), with four replications of 50 seeds each. Initially, the water content of the seeds was determined. In the treatment effects, germination, first germination count, shoot length, primary root and seedling fresh mass were evaluated. Osmotic potentials lower than -0.2 MPa reduce the germination and growth of white oat seedlings, regardless of the stressor agent and temperature. The simulations of the stress conditions harmed the germination and the initial growth of the seedlings by the decrease of the observed variables. The salt and water stress induced by sodium chloride solution was more drastic than that induced by polyethylene glycol 6000.