The study of bottom sediments was conducted within the basins of water bodies used for recreational purposes (e.g., bathing, fishing and diving) in the Silesian Upland and its periphery in southern Poland. Various concentrations of trace elements were found in bottom sediments, reflected by the following levels: Pb (30–3020 mg/kg), Zn (142–35,300 mg/kg), Cd (0.7–286 mg/kg), Ni (10–115 mg/kg), Cu (11–298 mg/kg), Co (3–40 mg/kg), Cr (22–203 mg/kg), As (8–178 mg/kg), Ba (263–19,300 mg/kg), Sb (0.9–52.5 mg/kg), Br (1–31 mg/kg), Sr (63–510 mg/kg) and S (0.001–4.590%). These trace elements are present in amounts that usually exceed those found in other bodies of water or are sometimes even unprecedented among bodies of water in the world (e.g., cadmium—286 mg/kg, zinc—35,300 mg/kg, lead—3020 mg/kg, arsenic—178 mg/kg). It was found that bottom sediments were contaminated to varying degrees with toxic metals, metalloids and non-metals, as evidenced by the values of geoecological indicators, i.e., the geoaccumulation index (−6.31 < I_geo < 10.90), the sediment contamination factor (0.0 ≤ $C_f^i$ < 286.0), the sediment contamination degree (4.6 < C_d < 513.1) and the ratios of the concentrations found to the regional geochemical background (0.5 < I_RE < 196.9). It was concluded that the presence of toxic elements (e.g., lead, zinc, cadmium, chromium, strontium and arsenic) in bottom sediments should be taken into account when classifying water bodies as suitable for recreational use. A maximum ratio of the concentrations found to the regional geochemical background of I_RE ≤ 5.0 was proposed as the threshold for the permissibility of recreational use of water bodies. The water bodies used for recreational purposes in the Silesian Upland and its periphery do not meet the geoecological conditions for safe use in terms of recreation and leisure activities. Forms of their recreational use that directly affect the participants’ health (e.g., fishing and the consumption of fish and other aquatic organisms) should be abandoned.

The essence of the research concerns the impact of armed conflicts and terrorist attacks on the arrivals of foreign tourists with Egypt selected as the testing ground. It was found that revolutions and terrorist attacks have a negative impact on the development of the tourism industry – following the social unrest that took place in Egypt in the years 1997, 2011 and 2015, the number of arrivals of foreign tourists decreased by: 13%, 33% and 42% respectively (depending on countries of the world the reduction of the flow of tourists was within the range of 21-78%). The decrease in the number of tourists which takes place after a terrorist attack is short-lived and usually does not last longer than a year, whereas the consequences of a revolution are noticeable for tourism for a period of 3 to 5 years. According to respondents, the most important consequence of social unrest (protests, demonstrations, terrorist attacks) for tourism is a drop in the number of arrivals of foreign tourists, reduction in the income generated by tourism, decline in employment in tourism and the general slowdown in the development of tourism.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to analyze mood regulation in people practicing hatha yoga in the background of people who do not practice this sport activity. Materials and Methods: 96 Respondents from the Slaskie and Kujawsko-Pomorskie province took part in the research The subjects were divided into two groups: practicing hatha yoga (N = 46) and control (N = 49). The analysis was carried out by means of a diagnostic survey using the standardized tool: Mood Control Scales. During the tests, the age and sex of the respondents were taken into account. Results: The average results of males and females exercising and not exercising hatha yoga in the Elevated Mood Scale are very similar to each other and range from 3.91 to 3.97 in women and from 3.87 to 3.91 in men. The results of men in the Depressed Mood Scale, as in the Elevated Mood Scale, differ slightly. However, a large difference, up to 0%, can be noticed by observing the results of women, 2.22 for exercising women and 2.79 for non-exercising women. Conclusions: Practicing hatha yoga has a beneficial effect on the level of mood regulation, contributing to the improvement of the mental state, the implementation of vital tasks and life goals and, consequently, reducing the negative mood and proper social functioning. Decreasing the level of low mood positively affects the quality of life. People with the ability to regulate the mood are less subject to mechanisms exacerbating the negative mood and, consequently, do not undertake the procedures leading to this mood. It can therefore be assumed that a bad mood is not treated in the category of failure, life catastrophe or a state without a way out. The conducted research allowed to show a greater tendency to reduce the level of low mood in women practicing hatha yoga. In the analysis, there were dependencies between the tendencies of mood regulation and gender. These dependencies were seen in women, whereas with men this did not play a significant role research did not play a significant role. However, there was no negative effect of the hatha yoga exercise on the level of mood.

The main objective of the study is to find out about physical activity of students from Poland and Ukraine, and its determining factors, as well as the amount of their free time. The study was conducted in March 2020 with 100 students from two universities surveyed (50 persons from each). They were students of Tourism and Recreation at the Jan Dlugosz University of Humanities and Sciences in Czestochowa and 50 students with major in Tourism at the Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University in Lutsk. The students surveyed were both undergraduate and graduate. No relationship was found between the distribution of gender and nationality (p = 0.799). There is also no relationship between the distribution of the amount of free time and nationality: on school days (p=0.062) and at weekends (p=0.294). The relationship of the distribution of practising physical activity in free time and a nationality (p = 0.029) was found. What is significant is also the impact of nationality on the distribution of responses (p=0.013) as for the analysis of who accompanies students during physical activity in their free time. In turn, there is no relationship between the distribution of students' motivation to practise physical activity in free time and nationality (p=0.175). Physical activity in free time is practised by 92.00% of students from Poland and 76.00% of students from Ukraine. Teachers play the leading role in the promotion of physical activity in free time among Polish (46.00%) and Ukrainian (64.00%) students. The most popular form of physical activity is walking (Poles 52.00%, Ukrainians 70.00%).