Chitosan is produced by deacetylating the abundant natural chitin polymer. It has been employed in a variety of applications due to its unique solubility as well as its chemical and biological properties. In addition to being biodegradable and biocompatible, it also possesses a lot of reactive amino side groups that allow for chemical modification and the creation of a wide range of useful derivatives. The physical and chemical characteristics of chitosan, as well as how it is used in the food, environmental, and medical industries, have all been covered in a number of academic publications. Chitosan offers a wide range of possibilities in environmentally friendly textile processes because of its superior absorption and biological characteristics. Chitosan has the ability to give textile fibers and fabrics antibacterial, antiviral, anti-odor, and other biological functions. One of the most well-known and frequently used methods to create nanofibers is electrospinning. This technique is adaptable and effective for creating continuous nanofibers. In the field of biomaterials, new materials include nanofibers made of chitosan. Numerous medications, including antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, proteins, and analgesics for inflammatory pain, have been successfully loaded onto electro-spun nanofibers, according to recent investigations. Chitosan nanofibers have several exceptional qualities that make them ideal for use in important pharmaceutical applications, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, wound dressing, and enzyme immobilization. The preparation of chitosan nanofibers, followed by a discussion of the biocompatibility and degradation of chitosan nanofibers, followed by a description of how to load the drug into the nanofibers, are the first issues highlighted by this review of chitosan nanofibers in drug delivery applications. The main uses of chitosan nanofibers in drug delivery systems will be discussed last.

The primary goal of this study is to prepare chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) by the ionic gelation method via the treatment of chitosan (0.2 wt.%) with tripolyphosphate (0.2 wt.%) ultrasonically for 45 min. FT-IR spectroscopy and TEM images were used to characterize and validate CSNP production. Cellulosic materials with different concentrations of CSNPs have better antibacterial and colouring characteristics. The treated cellulosic fabrics were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, and thermogravimetric analysis. Colourimetric data measurements expressed in K/S values were used to evaluate the impact of CSNPs on the dyeing affinity of cellulosic materials. In addition, antibacterial activity against bacteria and fungi was tested on the treated cellulosic fabrics. According to the K/S values, cellulosic textiles treated with CSNPs (0.3 wt.%) had a better affinity for acid dyeing. These textiles also offer better antibacterial properties and are more resistant to washing, light, and rubbing. A cytotoxicity study found that CSNPs give cellulosic materials antibacterial and acid dyeing properties, which is good for the environment.

Chrysin is bioactive flavonoids that has numerous pharmacological activities and known to have hepatoprotective effect. The present study aimed to study the potential ameliorative effects of Chrysin (50 mg/kg b.wt./day) on Clonazepam (2 mg/kg b.wt./day) induced liver toxicity. Animals were divided into 4 groups, ten rats in each. Group 1 (Control group received a vehicle 1% w/v Tween 80), group 2 (received 2 mg/kg b.wt./day Clonazepam (CZP) suspended in 1% w/v Tween 80, group 3, (received 50 mg/kg b.wt./day Chrysin suspended in 1% w/v Tween 80, group 4 (received 2 mg/kg b.wt./day CZP, and Chrysin, 50 mg/kg b.wt./day). All animal groups were treated by oral gavage daily for 6 weeks starting at the first day of the experiment. The results indicated that in contrast to the control group, liver transaminases (ALT and AST), malondialdehide (MDA) and cytochrome P450 (Cyp3A4) were increased after the Clonazepam treatment, while the liver protein and the total antioxidant activity (TAA), glutathione reduced (GSH) contents and glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) activity were decreased. Also, the histological examination demonstrated that liver sections of CZP treated developing rats showed cytoplasmic vacuolation and fatty degeneration of some hepatocytes and their nuclei exhibited pyknosis and karyolysis. In addition to conspicuous distortions in the vasculatures, Kupffer cells proliferation and infiltration of lymphocyte were observed. Electron microscopic investigation of hepatocytes of CZP treated animals' revealed clear changes as mitochondrial dysfunction with loss of their cristae and compressed matrices. Also, dilatation and fragmentation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum into smaller stacks have been observed. On the other hand, marked improvement in the liver tissue against the damage displayed by CZP was recorded in biochemical, histological and ultrastructural screening of the hepatic animal sections treated with CZP+ Chrysin.