To explore changes in proteins and metabolites under stress circumstances, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics methods are used. In-depth research over the previous ten years has gradually revealed the fundamental processes of plants’ responses to environmental stress. Abiotic stresses, which include temperature extremes, water scarcity, and metal toxicity brought on by human activity and urbanization, are a major cause for concern, since they can result in unsustainable warming trends and drastically lower crop yields. Furthermore, there is an emerging reliance on agrochemicals. Stress is responsible for physiological transformations such as the formation of reactive oxygen, stomatal opening and closure, cytosolic calcium ion concentrations, metabolite profiles and their dynamic changes, expression of stress-responsive genes, activation of potassium channels, etc. Research regarding abiotic stresses is lacking because defense feedbacks to abiotic factors necessitate regulating the changes that activate multiple genes and pathways that are not properly explored. It is clear from the involvement of these genes that plant stress response and adaptation are complicated processes. Targeting the multigenicity of plant abiotic stress responses caused by genomic sequences, transcripts, protein organization and interactions, stress-specific and cellular transcriptome collections, and mutant screens can be the first step in an integrative approach. Therefore, in this review, we focused on the genomes, proteomics, and metabolomics of tomatoes under abiotic stress.

The effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Bacillussp.) and silver nanoparticles onZea mayswas evaluated. The silver nanoparticles were synthesized fromTagetes erecta(Marigold) leaf and flower extracts, whereas PGPR isolated from spinach rhizosphere. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were purified using ultra centrifugation and were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy at gradient wavelength and also by High Resolution Transmission Electron microscopy (HRTEM). The average particles size of AgNPs was recorded approximately 60 nm. Almost all potential isolates were able to produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), ammonia and Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), solubilized tricalcium phosphate and inhibited the growth ofMacrophomina phaseolinain vitro but the isolate LPR2 was found the best among all. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, the isolate LPR2 was characterized asBacillus cereusLPR2. The maize seeds bacterized with LPR2 and AgNPs individually showed a significant increase in germination (87.5%) followed by LPR2 + AgNPs (75%). But the maximum growth of root and shoot of maize plant was observed in seeds coated with LPR2 followed by AgNPs and a combination of both.Bacillus cereusLPR2 and silver nanoparticles enhanced the plant growth and LPR2 strongly inhibited the growth of deleterious fungal pathogen. Therefore, LPR2 and AgNPs could be utilized as bioinoculant and growth stimulator, respectively for maize.