(1) Background: serious games seem to show promising strategies to promote treatment compliance and motivate behavior changes, and some studies have proven to contribute to the literature on serious games. (2) Methods: this systematic review aimed to analyze the effect of serious games in promoting healthy eating behaviors, effectively preventing childhood obesity, and improving physical activity in children. Five electronic bibliographic databases—PubMed, ACM Digital Library, Games for Health Journal, and IEEE Xplore were used to conduct a systematic literature search based on fixed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2003 and 2021 were selected for data extraction. (3) Results: a total of 26 studies were identified, representing 17 games. Half of the studies tested interventions for healthy eating and physical education. Most of the intervention’s games were designed according to specific behavioral change theories, predominantly the social cognitive theory. (4) Conclusions: studies confirmed the potential of serious games for obesity prevention but considering the restrictions encountered, we exhort for novel designs with different theoretical perspectives.

Context: Assessing the overall sustainability of a diet is a challenging undertaking requiring a holistic approach capable of addressing the multicriteria nature of this concept. Objective: The aim was to identify and summarize the multicriteria measures used to assess the sustainability characteristics of diets reported at the individual level by healthy adults. Data Sources: Articles were identified via PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search strategy consisted of key words and MeSH terms, and was concluded in September 2022, covering references in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. Data Extraction: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The search identified 5663 references, from which 1794 were duplicates. Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts of each of the 3869 records and the full-text of the 144 references selected. Of these, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data Analysis: A total of 6 multicriteria measures were identified: 3 different Sustainable Diet Indices, the Quality Environmental Costs of Diet, the Quality Financial Costs of Diet, and the Environmental Impact of Diet. All of these incorporated a health/nutrition dimension, while the environmental and economic dimensions were the second and the third most integrated, respectively. A sociocultural sustainability dimension was included in only 1 of the measures. Conclusion: Despite some methodological concerns in the development and validation process of the identified measures, their inclusion is considered indispensable in assessing the transition towards sustainable diets in future studies. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022358824.

Na maioria das vezes, os jovens não comem pelo menos 400 g/dia de hortícolas e frutas conforme recomendado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os fatores de risco associados ao incumprimento da recomendação da Organização Mundial da Saúde para o consumo diário de hortícolas e frutas por adolescentes. Os dados foram recolhidos através de uma amostragem estratificada por conglomerados em um estágio de adolescentes (10 aos 19 anos) de uma cidade do norte de Portugal, e foram realizados modelos de regressão logística. Quase dois terços dos adolescentes não cumprem a recomendação da Organização Mundial da Saúde relativa à ingestão diária de hortícolas e frutas. Uma adesão baixa-moderada à Dieta Mediterrânea assim como uma menor ingestão energética média diária são fatores de risco para os adolescentes não cumprirem a recomendação da Organização Mundial da Saúde.

Background: This study in Portugal aims to monitor the Corporate Political Activity (CPA) in the food industry. Portugal provides a compelling case study due to its robust implementation of public health policies. Methods: A systematic qualitative approach proposed by Mialon et al., a part of the INFORMAS Module 3, was employed. This method is based on the analysis of publicly available information. Key industry actors were selected through expert consultation and market analysis using EuroMonitor data. Information sources included industry, government, and academic materials accessed via websites and news. A thematic qualitative analysis was conducted involving iterative steps: identifying CPA practices based on predefined strategies - Taxonomy of Action Strategies: access and influence policymaking, use the law to obstruct policies, manufacture public support, shape evidence, displace and usurp public health, and manage reputations -, recording methods in a database, and saving evidence. Data collection spanned October 2023 to April 2024, covering materials from 2022 to 2023. Results: Twenty-five key players were identified, including processed food and non-alcoholic beverage manufacturers, fast food companies, food retailers, and national trade associations. Food retailers, notably Jerónimo Martins, Lidl, Mercadona, and Sonae, showcased a higher prevalence of CPA. Nestlé and Sumol+Compal also emerged as prominent actors. The food industry in Portugal employs diverse strategies and tactics primarily focused on shaping evidence and managing reputations. While instances of displacing public health priorities and manufacturing public support were observed, they were relatively fewer. Only APED and FIPA showed engagement in policymaking influence. Conclusions: Vigilant monitoring of CPA in the food industry in Portugal reveals dominant tactics of shaping evidence and managing reputations. Understanding these strategies is vital for policymaking to safeguard public health. Key messages: • The food industry in Portugal employs diverse strategies, primarily shaping evidence and managing reputations, to influence public health policies. • Monitoring the Corporate Political Activity is key to preserving the integrity of public health policymaking in Portugal’s food industry.

Background: Corporate political activity (CPA) refers to practices through which commercial actors seek to influence public policy and prioritise their commercial interests. While extensively documented internationally, little empirical evidence exists for Portugal. This study provides the first systematic analysis of the CPA of the food industry in Portugal. Methods: We conducted a systematic document analysis, following a protocol developed by INFORMAS (International Network for Food and Obesity/Non-Communicable Diseases Research, Monitoring and Action Support), a network that monitors food environments. This was triangulated with semi-structured interviews and illustrated through two policy examples. Twenty-five food industry actors were selected based on market share, trade association membership, and relevance to policy debates. Publicly available materials (January 2022–December 2023) were collected and coded using Ulucanlar’s CPA framework, distinguishing framing and action strategies. Data were triangulated with 18 interviews conducted between July and December 2024 with informants from academia, government, industry, civil society, public health, and the media. Results: We identified 534 examples of framing and 799 examples of action strategies. Framing was dominated by portrayals of corporations as "good actors" aligned with health, sustainability, and national development. Action strategies focused on reputational management, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and the displacement of public health roles. Legal obstruction and overtly adversarial tactics were absent. Large multinational manufacturers and major retailers accounted for the highest number of coded CPA examples, with trade associations also represented among actors engaging in policy-related activities. Interviewees confirmed these patterns and expressed concerns over informal access to policy-makers, weak state capacity, and reliance on corporate-led initiatives. Conclusions: The food industry in Portugal primarily relies on reputational and co-regulatory strategies, with limited evidence of overtly confrontational tactics. These findings are consistent with a form of institutionalised influence in which corporate actors engage closely with public authorities and participate in governance processes in ways that may shape the direction and scope of public health policy.