Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) are promising vehicles for targeted and controlled drug release. Recognized for their biodegradability, biocompatibility, low toxicity, and ease of production, CSNPs represent an effective approach to drug delivery. Encapsulating drugs within nanoparticles (NPs) provides numerous benefits compared to free drugs, such as increased bioavailability, minimized toxic side effects, improved delivery, and the incorporation of additional features like controlled release, imaging agents, targeted delivery, and combination therapies with multiple drugs. Keys parameters in nanomedicines are drug loading content and drug loading efficiency. Most current NP systems struggle with low drug loading, presenting a significant challenge to the field. This review summarizes recent research on developing CSNPs with high drug loading capacity, focusing on various synthesis strategies. It examines CSNP systems using different materials and drugs, providing details on their synthesis methods, drug loadings, encapsulation efficiencies, release profiles, stability, and applications in drug delivery. Additionally, the review discusses factors affecting drug loading, providing valuable guidelines for future CSNPs’ development.

Breast cancer is a major cause of death globally, accounting for around 13% of all deaths. Chemotherapy, the common treatment for cancer, can have side effects that lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in oxidative stress in the body. Antioxidants are important for maintaining the health of cells and helping the immune system function properly. They play a crucial role in balancing the body’s internal environment. Using natural antioxidants is an alternative to mitigate the harmful effects of oxidative stress. However, around 80% of natural antioxidants have limited effectiveness when taken orally because they do not dissolve well in water or other solvents. This poor solubility affects their ability to be absorbed by the body and limits their bioavailability. One strategy that has been considered is to increase their water solubility to increase their oral bioavailability. Chitosan-based nanoparticle (CSNP) systems have been extensively explored due to their reliability and simpler synthesis routes. This review focuses on the various methods of chitosan-based nanoformulation for developing effective oral dosage forms for natural antioxidants based on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties. Chitosan (CS) could be a model, because of its wide use in polymeric NPs research, thus providing a better understanding of the role of vehicles that carry natural antioxidants in maintaining the stability and enhancing the performance of cancer drugs.

Sago starch has weaknesses such as low thermal stability and high syneresis. Modifications were made to improve the characteristics of native sago starch. In this study, sago starch was modified by autoclave-heating treatment (AHT), osmotic-pressure treatment (OPT), octenyl-succinic anhydride modification (OSA), and citric acid cross-linking (CA). This study aimed to examine the changes in chemical composition, crystallinity, and functional properties of the native sago starch after physical and chemical modifications. The results show that physical modification caused greater granule damage than chemical modification. All modification treatments did not alter the type of crystallinity but decreased the relative crystallinity of native starch. New functional groups were formed in chemically modified starches at a wavelength of 1700–1725 cm⁻¹. The degree of order (DO) and degree of double helix (DD) of the modified starches were also not significantly different from the native sample, except for AHT and OPT, respectively. Physical modification decreased the swelling volume, while chemical modification increased its value and is inversely proportional to solubility. AHT and OPT starches have the best freeze–thaw stability among others, indicating that both starches have the potential to be applied in frozen food.

Masyarakat perlu dilindungi dari pangan yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan, pemerintah daerah berkewajiban untuk menyelenggarakan pengawasan makanan tersebut. Industri Kecil menengah (IKM) yang banyak berkembang di Kabupaten Sumedang salah satunya memproduksi makanan olahan dan minuman. Dinas Koperasi, Usaha Kecil, Menengah, Perdagangan dan Perindustrian (DISKOP-UKMPP) Kab. Sumedang memiliki target untuk bisa meningkatkan kualitas 1.000 UKM per tahunnya termasuk di dalamnya IKM pangan. Produk IKM yang dihasilkan beraneka ragam, mulai dari jenis basah, semi basah, dan kering. Proses pelaksanaan kegiatan diawali dengan analisis situasi, survey lokasi, screening 1 dan 2, pelatihan, dan evaluasi program melalui pendekatan partisipatif. Luaran dari kegiatan ini adalah 50 IKM di Kabupaten Sumedang teredukasi terkait keamanan pangan dan seluruh peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan ini lulus post-test dan terjadi peningkatan rata-rata nilai dari 7.4 menjadi 8.9.

Abstrak: Posyandu sebagai fasilitas Kesehatan disuatu daerah, memilki program dalam menjalankan perannya di masyarakat, salah satunya promosi Kesehatan. Promosi kesehatan adalah memberikan fasilitas perubahan perilaku di lingkungan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan hidup sehat. Kader Posyandu sebagai sumber daya manusia dalam penyelenggaraan promosi kesehatan dapat memanfaatkan potensi lingkungannya sebagai salah satu upaya perubahan perilaku hidup sehat. Desa Kutamandiri, Kecamatan Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Sumedang yang dikenal memiliki lahan persawahan yang luas dan kebanyakan masyarakatnya hidup sebagai petani dan berpotensi untuk menjadi sumber budidaya dan usaha olahan tomat karena memiliki lahan pertanian yang cukup luas. Buah Tomat yang lebih biasa digunakan untuk masakan sayur-sayuran ini memiliki segudang nutrisi dan manfaat untuk anak balita dan ibu hamil. Oleh karena itu, pengolahan buah tomat merupakan sesuatu yang potensial yang perlu dimanfaatkan dan dikembangkan serta dapat dibuat sebagai promosi kesehatan oleh para Kader Posyandu.Kata Kunci: Promosi Kesehatan; Pengolahan Buah Tomat; Kader Posyandu; Desa Kutamandiri Posyandu, as a health facility in an area, has a program in carrying out its role in the community, one of which is health promotion. Health promotion is facilitating behaviour change in the environment to increase the ability to live healthily. Posyandu cadres, as human resources in the implementation of health promotion, can take advantage of their environment's potential to change healthy living behaviour. Kutamandiri Village, Tanjungsari District, Sumedang Regency, which is known to have extensive rice fields. Most of its people live as farmers and can become a source of cultivation and processing of tomatoes because it has a fairly large agricultural land. Tomatoes, which are more commonly used for vegetable dishes, have a myriad of nutrients and benefits for toddlers and pregnant women. Therefore, tomato fruit processing is a potential thing that needs to be utilized and developed and can be made as health promotion by the Posyandu Cadres.Keywords: