The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of kisspeptin-54 on ovarian morphology and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) levels in an ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) rat model, which is a possible complication of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. For this purpose, immature female Sprague–Dawley rats (25 days old, 30–40 g) were randomly divided into five groups (control, sham, OHSS model, short-term kisspeptin-54 administered OHSS model and long-term kisspeptin-54 administered OHSS model). Serum LH and FSH levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR were performed for VEGF, PEDF, PKA and PKC in ovaries and granulosa cells, respectively. It was observed that there was dilatation in fallopian tubes and an abnormal increase in ovarian weight and volume in the OHSS group, and these morphologies decreased with kisspeptin-54 treatment. After the administration of kisspeptin-54 in the OHSS group, VEGF, PKA and PKC levels reduced and PEDF levels increased in both mRNA and protein levels. It was determined that in the OHSS model, VEGF increased as PEDF decreased, and kisspeptin-54 reduced the effects of OHSS. It was determined that long-term kisspeptin-54 treatment was more effective than short-term administration. It is considered that kisspeptin-54 is an agent that protects ovarian reserve and oocyte maturation in women at risk of OHSS.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field within computer science that has vast applications and has transformed medical technologies. It is often regarded to be the branch of computer science that can handle complicated problems with minimal theory and many applications. AI is utilized to assist researchers in the analysis of large data sets, enabling precision medicine and assisting physicians in improving patient outcomes. New techniques in AI can bring together various types of data to make sense of new information obtained from multiomics datasets. Analyzing high-quality data combined with machine learning, a subset of AI, can help modify patients' unhealthy behaviors, predict risk or recurrence of chronic diseases after a surgical and curative treatment, prediction of progression and survival rates of patients with chronic diseases, therapeutic need, generation of improved clinical trial interpretations and identification of new targets. Howeveri, to effectively implement precision medicine in healthcare, a more user-friendly interface would be required. If AI technologies are applied correctly, fairly and robustly, in close cooperation with human intelligence, it is expected to open up new possibilities for effective and personalised healthcare services worldwide. In this review, the general outlines of AI technology, its application areas in healthcare and its future are overviewed.

Aim: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) results in a deficiency of dystrophin expression in patient muscle fibers, leading to progressive muscle degeneration. Treatment of DMD has undertaken current transformation with the advancement of novel gene therapy and molecular biology techniques, which are secure, well-tolerated, and effective therapeutic approaches. Introduction: DMD gene therapies have mainly focused on young DMD patients as in vivo animal model trials have been performed in 0–1-month DMD mice. However, it has not yet been answered how micro-dystrophin encoding lentiviral treatment affects Dystrophin expression and DMD symptoms in 10-month mdx mice. Methods: We planned to integrate the micro-Dystrophin gene sequence into the muscle cells by viral transfer, using micro-Dystrophin-encoding lentivirus to reduce the dystrophic pathology in late-stage dmd mice. The histopathological and physiological-functional regeneration activities of the lentiviralmicro- Dystrophin gene therapy methods were compared, along with changes in temporal Dystrophin expression and their functionality, toxicity, and gene expression level. Results: Here, we showed that the micro-dystrophin transgene transfers intramuscularly and intraperitoneally in late-stage dmd-mdx-4cv mice restored dystrophin expression in the skeletal and cardiac muscle (p <0.001). Furthermore, motor performance analysis, including hanging and tracking tests, improved statistically significantly after the treatment (p <0.05). Conclusion: Consequently, this study suggests that patients in the late stages of muscular dystrophy can benefit from lentiviral micro-dystrophin gene therapies to present an improvement in dystrophic muscle pathology.

Selinexor (SLX), a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), has been shown to interfere with nuclear export mechanisms and to exert antitumor effects

Giriş ve Amaç: Antineoplastik bir ajan olan sisplatinin önemli yan etkilerinden biri de nefrotoksisitedir. Sisplatin böbrek genel yapısının bozulmasına ve fonksiyon kaybına sebep olur. Böbrekte glomerüler filtrasyonun düşmesine, serum kreatininin yükselmesine, serum potasyum ve magnezyum seviyelerinin düşmesine ve iskemik-nekrotik hasara yol açmaktadır. Kurkuminin, antioksidan, antifibrojenik, antikanserojenik ve antiinflamatuvar özellikleri vardır. Bu çalışmada, sıçanlarda, sisplatinin böbreklerde yaptığı hasara karşı kurkuminin koruyucu etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Wistar albino cinsi 26 erişkin sıçan 4 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubuna 6 gün boyunca DMSO intraperitoneal (i.p.) olarak verildi. Sisplatin grubuna 3. gün 20 mg/kg sisplatin i.p. olarak tek doz uygulandı. Kurkumin grubuna 6 gün boyunca günde 200 mg/kg kurkumin i.p. olarak verildi. Sisplatin +kurkumin grubuna 6 gün boyunca günde 200 mg/kg kurkumin ve 3. gün tek doz 20 mg/kg sisplatin i.p. olarak verildi. Sıçanlar 7. gün sakrifiye edildi. Alınan böbrek dokularında ışık ve elektron mikroskopik değerlendirmelerin yanı sıra biyokimyasal analizler yapıldı. Bulgular: Yalnızca kurkumin verdiğimiz grupta herhangi bir hasar yoktu ve kontrol grubundakilere benzerdi. Sisplatin verilen grupta ise renal kortekste konjesyon, intraselüler kastlar ve tübüler nekroz izlendi. Ancak kurkumin+sisplatin grubunda bu hasarlar azaldı ve dokudaki genel hücre organizasyonunun normale yakın olduğu gözlendi. Sonuç: Sisplatinin neden olduğu nefrotoksisiteye karşı kurkuminin koruyucu bir ajan olabileceği önerilmektedir.