The role of agriculture is an extremely important one because it provides the necessary production of foods for the population and, at the same time, represents a source of raw materials for different processing industries. For a growing population, agriculture has been the main source of agri-food products that must ensure the food security of the population. Compared to other states of Europe, Romania is one of the European countries with the most favourable soil and climate conditions for agriculture. The last world crises, from the crisis in 2008 to the pandemic crisis in 2020-2021, and especially to the current conflict between Russia and the Ukraine, have brought up the issue of food self-sufficiency. During the current period, it is important to know what production can be obtained in Romanian agriculture and if it can provide the food necessary for the population. An analysis regarding the dynamics of the cultivated areas and production of the main crops in Romania has been carried out, for each of its 8 development regions. The data, collected from different sources, were analysed using different methods. The research results highlight, for example, that Romania can easily achieve the self-sufficiency stage for most agricultural products of plant origin. In conclusion, natural resources, as well as the existence of a certain material base in Romanian agriculture, can ensure the increase of agricultural production, the satisfaction of the food needs of the population, as well as a certain availability for export.

The research was carried out over 8 years and involves the performance of minimal works, by reducing the traffic with various agricultural machines and equipment, "Maschio" brand, namely: disc harrow, scarifier, roller and No Tillige seeder. I have carried out numerous researches and experiences in various agricultural holdings in Arad county, to the crop of wheat, corn and soybeans. The first tests were done on 129 ha, on soils with different textures, from fine to rough, but following the research, it was observed that good and very good results were obtained only on medium textured soils. In case of soils with rough and fine textures, the results were below expectations, the degree of emergence and development of the plants was low, which led to obtaining low yields. At present, the researches have extended over 376 ha, by practicing four conservative tillage systems: by direct sowing; with Paraplow and rotary harrow; with Cisel and rotary harrow and with complex Aggregate with rotary harrow. Within each system, we have presented a technical data sheet, which includes information related to the soil type, the worked area, the conditions of the land, the crops for which each system is recommended, the soil works, technological specifications, necessary recommendations, the advantages of using each system separately and a series of observations and recommendations that we make following the performance of these works in order to achieve the most beneficial and sustainable use of agricultural land and, of course, to conserve natural resources as much as possible in the context of the climate changes that Romania has been facing recently and which will most likely persist and intensify in the future.

The biodiversity of grassland ecosystems is strongly affected by climatic changes, i.e., by the galloping progression of desertification. These aspects are more and more visible on permanent grasslands (communal pastures). Most researchers in grassland science consider as a major priority the conservation of biodiversity and of the productive potential of permanent grasslands, given that the decrease in the number of livestock has been accelerated. Thus, in recent years, they started case studies on permanent grasslands affected by different factors. They have also developed regulations and methodologies on the sustainable management of permanent grasslands in different forms of property. From this perspective, results of a case study on permanent grasslands located at different altitudes exploited differently both in terms of animal load and of their improvement measures are presented in this study. The method of inventorying the vegetation is that of the double meter or the linear method with which different indices could be quantified (Shannon-Weaver Index, PV). The method of correlations used in this case study highlights the result of the interaction of the analysed parameters as a starting point for the future modelling of the time evolution of grassland areas. The values obtained show that biodiversity is not equally affected in all analysed cases.

This study describes the typology of family agricultural systems from the western part of Romania. Fourteen family agricultural farms from Arad County, Romania, are taken in the study, whose areas range between 0.34 ha and 25 ha, with an average of about 22 ha. The main crops within these farms are grain maize, followed by wheat, oats, sunflower and rapeseed and, on smaller areas, fodder, vegetables and triticale. Because the structure of the crops is very diverse - the largest area is 12.60 ha and the smallest one is 0.07 ha , these agricultural holdings are not financially profitable because they do not allow farmers to practice intensive agriculture: soil works are performed with non-performing machines, a lot of time and fuel are lost with these works, and yield is low, which leads to decreased production and increased costs of establishment, maintenance and harvest. In conclusion, a solution for the efficiency of this agricultural system is an association of farmers and the merging of these lands, taking into account that family farming system is quite common on the territory of Romania.

The basic problems of Banat agriculture, as well as that of Romania or everywhere else, are related to the increase of agricultural production and the increase of soil fertility. Maximizing the maximum capacity of the beneficiary's agricultural area requires a thorough knowledge of the natural conditions and, first of all, of the soil, as a means of production in agriculture, which synthesizes, through their properties, the influence of all natural and anthropogenic factors.In this context, I proposed to review the main natural factors that compete for the good development of agricultural activities, of plant production in particular, with special reference to the soil, this huge "plant" for the transformation of energy and substances from the environment into plant biomass.In the complex of measures intended for the intensive development of agriculture, an important place belongs to the rational use of the available land fund of the society within the Foeni locality. But as the possibilities for expanding agricultural land are limited, a judicious use of them and a permanent increase in soil fertility is required