Side weirs, also known as lateral weirs, are flow diversion devices widely used in irrigation as a head regulator of distributaries and escapes, land drainage, and urban sewage systems. The studies on the subject have been generally focused on rectangular and triangular side weirs located on a straight channel. However, the same is not true for labyrinth side weirs. The current studies deal with sediment transport and scour problems around side weirs and lateral structures. The investigation of the hydraulic effects of labyrinth side weirs to increase discharge capacity of them has been studied in this particular work. In the study, 2,830 laboratory tests were conducted for determining discharge coefficient of labyrinth side weirs, and results were analyzed to find the influence of the dimensionless weir length L/b , the dimensionless effective length L/ℓ , the dimensionless weir height p/ h1 , triangular labyrinth side weir included angle θ , and upstream Froude number F1 on the discharge coefficient, wa...

Dissolved oxygen is essential to healthy streams and lakes. The dissolved oxygen level is an indication of how polluted the water is and how well the water can support aquatic plant and animal life. A higher dissolved oxygen level indicates better water quality. There is a significant oxygen transfer associated with most hydraulic structures because the air entrained into the flow is split into small bubbles, which greatly increases the surface area for transfer. Stepped chutes are a particular instance of this, and the aeration efficiency of such structures has not been studied in the laboratory and field. In this paper, the aeration performance of the stepped chutes with and without end sill was investigated in a large laboratory stepped chute. An empirical correlation predicting the oxygen transfer efficiency was developed for stepped chutes. The results indicated that l/h and s/h had a significant effect on the aeration efficiency of stepped chutes.