Due to globalization, business collaborations are made throughout the world. Many industries have started adopting new technologies to make their work easier. Therefore, preparing students for the future workforce is necessary. This can only be achieved only by adopting a new education system. The new education system that supports technologies is known as Education 4.0. Education 4.0, which is sustainable, is a self-based education that adopts AI for learning. Exploring many new technologies and English communication is important for anyone entering the workforce in the future. This study aims at developing Business English communication using Education 4.0. ELSA is one of the applications that supports Education 4.0. The novelty of the current study is that ELSA is used for developing Business English communication. This quantitative study employed a quasi-experimental research design, and a purposive-sampling method was used for selecting the participants. Management students from business schools were selected for this research. Ninety-nine students participated in this study. Later, a pre-test was conducted using a questionnaire. Data were collected and documented. The intervention was carried out for four weeks and adopted Education 4.0. After the intervention period, a post-test was conducted using another questionnaire to check for improvement. The pre-test and post-test data of the participants were compared and analyzed in SPSS using a paired sample t-test. The results showed that listening skills were greatly improved using Education 4.0, which is also important for enhancing other skills, and the participants benefited from using Education 4.0. Moreover, we discuss the study’s limitations, which provides opportunities to conduct future research.

This research aims to discover how inclusive education practices can determine the happiness and school satisfaction of students with physical disabilities through the development of self-concept. To achieve the objective of this study, quantitative research was used by administering a questionnaire to 403 students with special needs in secondary and high school in Saudi Arabia. The collected data were analyzed according to structural equation modeling. Our findings support the considerable agreement on the importance of inclusive special needs education for the happiness of physically disabled students. A total mediating effect of self-concept between ISNE and school satisfaction is also confirmed, which shows the great importance of the psychological dimension in special education. These results can orient and assist school managers in defining an appropriate educational environment for students with special needs. They can provide specific directives for raising the happiness and the quality of life of such students, making them more productive and socially active. Following this research, a new school framework can be drawn to protect, assist, and change the self-concept of students with physical special needs to shift the perspective of disability from an obstacle to overcome to an opportunity to exploit.

Research on family business sustainability has seen a surge over the last decade. Despite this, very little research has been performed to investigate the impact of governance on family business sustainability. Building on this gap, this paper empirically examines the impacts from organizational governance and responsible innovation on the sustainability of family-owned businesses. It also evaluates entrepreneurial culture’s contribution as a moderator of the nexus of organizational governance, responsible innovation, and business sustainability in Saudi Arabia. A sample of 396 responses were collected from 87 family enterprises; respondents were generally principal managers and/or main business owners. The relationships in the conceptual model were tested with structural equation modelling using SmartPLS. The results show that organizational governance and responsible innovation positively and statistically significantly impact business sustainability among family-owned businesses in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, entrepreneurial culture significantly and positively moderates the organizational governance, responsible innovation and business sustainability of family-owned businesses in Saudi Arabia. The results guide regulators in regulation formulation related to the achievement of business sustainability through good governance and effective entrepreneurial culture. Government and regulatory authorities must therefore encourage family-owned businesses in their predominantly economic functions in society, while also engaging in sustainability-oriented policy making and programs.

This study analyzes the effects of major macroeconomic variables (oil price, foreign direct investment inflows, real gross domestic product and trade openness) on the unemployment rate in Saudi Arabia. The study adopted the ARDL model and bounds testing for co-integration approach and other diagnostic econometric techniques to check potential issues resulting from the use of time series data, from 1991 to 2019. Findings show that changes in the four variables exhibit a significant negative long-run effect on the unemployment rate. Additionally, we detected a non-linear relationship between unemployment and oil prices. The oil price effect is positive only if it exceeds $41.2 per barrel. A per-barrel price of oil below this threshold appears to worsen the labor market situation in Saudi Arabia. Revenues from oil exports account for major source of income for the country; unfortunately, oil prices are subject to factors beyond the control of the country (inconsistencies in global oil prices). The country needs to diversify its economy especially in growth-enhancing sectors of the economy to generate employment and moderate unemployment.

Due to their strong emotional interest and ownership control, family firm owners significantly influence their firm’s strategies and governance, which has consequences for their business sustainability practices. The failure to establish or maintain formal organizational structures, and adopt good governance principles, may hinder family firms in their pursuit of long-term sustainability. This study empirically investigated the impact of corporate governance on family firms’ sustainability, with women’s empowerment and culture as moderating and mediating factors, respectively. Data for the study were obtained from a sample of 126 family firms from Saudi Arabia. The study adopted the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) method. The study results empirically confirmed that corporate governance is positively associated with women’s empowerment, which also assists in achieving business sustainability in family-controlled firms. The adoption of good corporate governance policies, and empowerment of women through their appointment on corporate boards operating in a supportive culture, can reinforce an organization’s mission, purpose and strategies, which can create an enabling environment for family business sustainability.