This article reviews the integration of multidisciplinary approaches, including protein engineering, computational biology, and nanoarchitectonics, to advance pharmaceutical enzyme biocatalysis.

Biosupercapacitors are rapidly gaining attention as promising energy storage systems for next‐generation bioelectronics, offering a unique combination of fast charge–discharge rates, high power density, and mechanical compliance within formats suitable for physiological environments. As the demands for miniaturized, autonomous, and human‐conformal electronic systems grow, biosupercapacitors provide critical advantages over conventional batteries, addressing long‐standing limitations in rigidity, toxicity, and biointegration. This review outlines the evolution of biosupercapacitors from traditional capacitive architectures to advanced systems designed for seamless operation across multiple physiological domains. Their applications are categorized based on spatial integration–from external and epidermal to peripheral and organ‐level systems–while interactive biosupercapacitor platforms that enable sensing, stimulation, and responsive therapeutic feedback are highlighted. Key material strategies, such as hybrid nanostructures, bioresorbable substrates, and enzymatic interfaces, are critically examined in terms of their impact on electrochemical performance, biocompatibility, and device functionality. By articulating both foundational principles and emerging trajectories, this review offers a forward‐looking perspective on biosupercapacitors in shaping future energy‐autonomous and human‐integrated medical technologies.

The design of organic–peptide hybrids has the potential to combine our vast knowledge of protein design with small molecule engineering to create hybrid structures with complex functions. Here, we describe the computational design of a photoswitchable Ca ²⁺ -binding organic–peptide hybrid. The designed molecule, designated Ca ²⁺ -binding switch (CaBS), combines an EF-hand motif from classical Ca ²⁺ -binding proteins such as calmodulin with a photoswitchable group that can be reversibly isomerized between a spiropyran (SP) and merocyanine (MC) state in response to different wavelengths of light. The MC/SP group acts both as a photoswitch as well as an optical sensor of Ca ²⁺ binding. Photoconversion of the SP to the corresponding MC unmasks an acidic phenol, which CaBS uses as an integral part of both its Ca ²⁺ -binding site as well as its tertiary and quaternary structure. By design, the SP state of CaBS is monomeric, while the Ca ²⁺ -bound form of the MC state is an obligate dimer, with two Ca ²⁺ -binding sites formed at the interface of a domain-swapped dimer. Thus, light and Ca ²⁺ were expected to serve as an “AND gate” that powers a change in backbone structure/dynamics, oligomerization state, and fluorescence properties of the designed molecule. CaBS was designed using Rosetta and molecular dynamics simulations, and experimentally characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry, and optical titrations. These data illustrate the potential of combining small molecule engineering with de novo protein design to develop sensors whose conformation, association state, and optical properties respond to multiple environmental cues.

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are most effective against pathogens and have widely been studied as antibacterial agents in commodity clothing, medical textile, and other hygiene products. However, prolonged utilization of silver and rapid mutation in bacterium stains has made them resistant to conventional silver agents. On the other hand, strict compliance against excessive utilization of toxic reagents and the current sustainability drive is forcing material synthesis toward green routes with extended functionality. In this study, we proposed an unprecedented chemical-free green synthesis of bioactive Ag-NPs without the incorporation of any chemicals. Cinnamon essential oil (ECO) was used as a bio-reducing agent with and without the mediation of lime extract. A rapid reaction completion with better shape and size control was observed in the vicinity of lime extract when incorporated into the reaction medium. The interaction of natural metabolites and citrus compounds with nanoparticles was established using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The application of as-prepared nanoparticles on textiles encompasses extended bioactivity to treated fabric with infused easy-care performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported instance of utilizing bioactive silver nanoparticles as a functional finish, both as an antimicrobial and as for easy care in the absolute absence of toxic chemicals. The easy-care performance of fabric treated with lime-mediated nanoparticles was found to be 141^O, which is around 26% better than bare cotton without any significant loss in fabric strength. Furthermore, to enlighten the sustainability of the process, the development traits were mapped with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which show significant influence on SDGs 3, 8, 9, and 14. With the effective suspension of microorganisms, added functionality, and eco-mapping with SDGs with the chemical-free synthesis of nanoparticles, widespread utilization can be found in various healthcare and hygiene products along with the fulfillment of sustainability needs.