In the scientific research work, the process of neutralization and cleaning of microorganisms harmful to human health found in surface water with an ozonator device based on a pilot electric discharge is considered. A pilot ozonator based on a special high-frequency electric discharge has been developed for disinfection and cleaning of harmful microorganisms found in surface water. In order to conduct practical tests on scientific research work, special water was taken from the Ili floodplain and an examination of the water composition was carried out. According to the results of the examination, various painful microorganisms were found in the composition of the source water that do not meet the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). Effective economic indicators of ozone content (mg/l), contact time (t, minutes) and the like were determined for disinfection and removal of microorganisms from the water composition. In addition, an algorithm for theoretical calculations for the destruction of harmful microorganisms in 1m3 surface water was compiled and a mathematical model was given.

In this scientific research work, the problem of studying the process of removing water – containing iron solutions with an Etro-04 device based on high-frequency corona discharge is considered. In the research work, a special Etro – 04 ozonator device was developed for the oxidation of heavy metals, i.e. chemical pollutants contained in water. Work on testing the device was carried out in order to clean the underground water “Aktogay wide place”. During the research work, various painful heavy metals were found in the composition of the source water that do not meet the maximum permissible (MPC). For example, iron (Fe2+, Fe3+) solutions met 2.00 – 2.2 mg/l. This means that the MPC is 7 times more than the specified value. In order to solve this problem, research work was carried out. During the technological process, various amounts of ozone (O3) were released into the water, the amount and effective economic indicators of which were determined. In the same way, the effective time of the oxidation and cleaning process was determined. During the research process, an algorithm of theoretical calculations was developed and a mathematical model was given to bring 1m3 of groundwater to a fixed indicator. In order to determine the effectiveness of cleaning the iron contained in the water by the concentration of ozone and the filter load, water filtration works were carried out at different speeds of 5.5 – 9.5 m/h. For example, with an ozone content of C =100 mg/l and a filtration rate of 9.5 m/h, you can see that the iron content in water is purified by 30% percent, 8.5 m/h – 55% percent, 7.5 m/h – 77% percent, and 5.5 m/h – 90% percent. Experimentally and theoretically, it was found that Iron solutions with water content were purified by 98 – 98.7% percent, respectively, with an ozone concentration of C = 500 – 600 mg/l and a filtration rate of 5.5 m/h.

This study investigated a search-free digital method for radio direction-finding that utilizes spatial analytical signal reconstruction. The research focused on optimizing the method's accuracy for estimating the direction of a radio source. The analysis identified the separation distance and number of chosen antenna elements for signal reconstruction as the key parameters influencing accuracy. Analytical optimization and simulations were employed to determine the optimal values for these parameters. The research successfully modeled the impact of antenna element selection on direction-finding errors under specific signal-to-noise conditions. This model can be used to guide further development and optimization of this radio direction-finding method.

A promising direction for the development of passive radar monitoring stations is to improve their efficiency by increasing their speed of performance. For the digital spectral-correlation method for determining the delay of radio signals and direction finding, analytical expressions have been derived for a variance of the estimation of the delay in receiving a signal by radio channels and directions to the source of radio emission. A feature of the method reported in this study is the use of two-stage temporal and spatial spectral analysis of the mutual spectrum, a single-iteration correlation analysis. The duration of estimating the direction finding has been evaluated through the total number of multiplication operations with accumulation. The proposed method, while providing for a gain of 27 times in terms of performance speed, demonstrated a slight decrease in accuracy compared to the optimal one due to energy signal loss. The result of the simulation has established the dependences of the standard deviation in the direction finding and delay estimates on the signal-to-noise ratio, the type of spectral analysis window, and the size of the antenna base. The standard deviation of the direction-finding estimate depends on the signal-to-noise ratio and varies over the range of values [0.08; 0.034]° with a change in the signal/noise ratio [−10; 40] dB. As the signal/noise ratio increases, the error decreases in line with a hyperbolic dependence. The standard deviation of the delay estimate depends on the signal-to-noise ratio and varies similarly to the error of the directional estimate, and is in the range of values [18.176; 1.56] ns, which corresponds to an error of [0.637; 0.055] %. The error of direction-finding estimation, depending on the size of the antenna base, decreases in the exponent within [1.6; 0.03]° with an increase in the antenna base in the range from 200 to 7,500 m. The results reported here could be used for the parametric optimization of spectral-correlation radio direction finders at passive radar monitoring stations.

Purpose. The primary objective of this research is to develop a technology for achieving water quality at the level of Maximum Permissible Concentrations (MPC) required by sanitary regulations and norms. Methods. To meet these regulatory requirements, experimental studies were conducted to analyze the chemical and microbiological composition of water, focusing on parameters such as the total microbial count (quantity/ml), coliform bacteria (quantity/ml), coliphages (quantity/100 ml), clostridia (cl/20 ml), and other harmful substances. The research also examined water disinfection processes depending on the autumn and winter seasons of the year. Findings. To assess the device’s effectiveness, the research determined the optimal ozone concentration and contact time in the disinfection chamber. The findings indicate that 0.6 grams per hour (G = 0.6 g/hour) of ozone (O3) per cubic meter of surface water is sufficient for the removal of harmful microbiological substances. Originality. The primary innovation in this research lies in the establishment of parameters for an ozone generator utilizing a novel corona discharge method. The study introduces both theoretical frameworks and practical methodologies for effectively disinfecting surface waters using this innovative technique. Practical implications. This case study offers insights that can be applied and replicated in regions facing similar water quality challenges.

A method of correlation-interferometric direction finding has been improved, which effectively solves the problem of radio direction finding of radio emission sources under conditions of exposure to one or two masking interference. The problem was solved using the selection of an unmasked fragment of the spatial spectrum of the signal and the reconstruction of the missing samples of its signal group. As a result of the synthesis of the proposed method, estimates of signal samples were obtained as exact solutions to the proposed energy balance equations. The resulting solutions provide a significant increase in the signal-to-interference ratio and, accordingly, direction-finding accuracy without increasing the number of reception channels of the antenna array. As a result of the simulation, the dependences of the standard deviation of the bearing estimate on the signal-to-noise ratio in the presence of interference were built. Under the influence of one or two masking interferences and a signal-to-interference ratio of 0 dB, the use of the known direction-finding method without interference selection produces an anomalously large direction-finding error of more than 0.42 degrees, which is practically independent of the signal-to-noise ratio. The direction-finding method with selection of spectral signal samples masked by interference reduces the direction-finding error to 0.22 degrees when exposed to one interference and to 0.3 degrees when exposed to two interferences. This is due to the presence of power losses of the usable signal during the selection of its samples masked by interference. The proposed method of direction finding with reconstruction of signal samples provides a significant gain in accuracy by 3–30 times compared to the method of selection of masked samples in the range of changes in the signal-to-noise ratio (–20.5) dB. The direction-finding error of the proposed method decreases with increasing signal/noise according to a hyperbolic dependence. It is advisable to use the proposed direction-finding method when masking no more than two samples of the signal group