The article present the results of use of the proposed economic and mathematical apparatus to develop scenarios that provide for the partial or complete elimination of contradictions associated with the pricing policy between oil and gas production and the production of refined products. In the...

This article examines the modeling of sustainable development in transport logistics, focusing on the impact of climate factors, changing weather conditions, and digitalization processes. The study analyzes the complex influence of adverse weather phenomena, such as fog, rain, snow, extreme temperatures, and strong winds, whose frequency and intensity are increasing due to climate change, on the efficiency, safety, and reliability of transport systems across all modes except pipelines. Special attention is paid to the integration of weather-resilient sensor technologies, including LiDAR, thermal imaging, and advanced monitoring systems, to strengthen infrastructure resilience and ensure uninterrupted transport operations under environmental stress. The methodological framework combines comparative analytical methods with economic–mathematical modeling, particularly Leontief’s input–output model, to evaluate the mutual influence between the transport sector and sustainable economic growth within an interconnected ecosystem of economic and technological factors. The findings confirm that data-driven management strategies, the digital transformation of logistics, and the strengthening of centralized hubs contribute significantly to increasing the resilience and flexibility of transport systems, mitigating the negative economic impacts of climate risks, and promoting long-term sustainable development. Practical recommendations are proposed to optimize freight flows, adapt infrastructure to changing weather risks, and support the integration of innovative digital technologies as part of an evolving ecosystem.

The paper examines the key factors, advantages, and results of implementing Industry 4.0 technologies in production. The potential and prospects of using Industry 4.0 technologies, in particular, robotics, artificial intelligence, and nanomaterials at enterprises to increase the efficiency of their activities are revealed. Environmental indicators and quality characteristics of products under conditions of different levels of robotization of production were studied. The main emphasis is researching the positive impact of robotics on the environmental characteristics of production in terms of reducing waste and increasing the environmental friendliness of products. The novelty of this research lies in developing recommendations for the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies at the same time to improve the environmental efficiency of enterprises and increase the quality of products. This document may be of interest to enterprises with limited financial opportunities to increase the level of robotization of production which also incur unjustified environmental costs.

The escalating wartime risks in Ukraine has led to a rapid reduction in insurance coverage in life and non-life segments. The purpose of the study is to rank Ukraine’s insurance companies based on an adaptation of the DEA method to the insurance market conditions. The study utilized the Supervisory Statistics of the National Bank of Ukraine as data. The study also used ranking of insurance companies based on technical efficiency criteria. The output indicators include the profitability of total capital (Output1) and the occupied share of the insurance market (Output2). The input indicators comprise the volume of total assets of insurers (Input1), the share of equity capital in assets (Input2), the level of gross payments (Input3), and the level of payments to insurance reserves (Input4). The ranking of insurance companies is based on minimizing the distance of each from the bounds of technical efficiency by solving a set of optimization problems. Based on the modeling results, a list of market leaders (7 companies) was formed for the end of the third quarter of 2023. They served nearly 37% of the insurance market in Ukraine, accumulating 41.5% of the total assets of this financial market sector. So, the primary issue for insurance companies is the loss of solvency due to the absence of adequate levels of insurance reserves. Therefore, priority measures should include strengthening regulatory constraints in this financial market segment to facilitate its qualitative renewal.