The “Green Revolution” (GR) technology-induced agricultural intensification has transformed India from food scarcity to a food surplus country. However, this has also resulted into several adverse repercussions. Increased application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides with stagnating/declining crop productivity has dovetailed with uncertain market conditions and climate change effects which has resulted in un-remunerative agriculture. Consequently, farmers have fallen into the debt trap due to the rising cost of crop production apart from health hazards due to serious exposure to harmful chemical pesticides. Natural Farming (NF), an agro-ecological approach to farming is believed to be an effective way to counter some of these challenges. The present paper presents field-level farmers’ experiences of NF adoption in three states of India—Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Maharashtra. The study was conducted during February–March 2019 by surveying 295 NF adopted and 170 non-NF adopted farmers. It was found that NF practice has been followed by some farmers for more than 10 years but others have adopted during the recent past. There is variation in the practice followed by the NF farmers. There are farmers who are using Farm Yard Manure (FYM). A solid form of jeevamritha (liquid concoction of microbial inoculants) called as ghanajeevamritha was also found to be used by farmers in Andhra Pradesh. It was observed that non-NF yields are superior to NF yield without FYM. In most crops, however, NF with FYM had a greater yield than NF without FYM and non-NF farms. There has been a decrease in the variable cost and a marginal increase in the market price of NF produce. The study suggests that natural farming may be seen as one of the alternative practices which has potential to rejuvenate the agro-ecosystem, besides cost saving for the individual farmers.

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and the World Bank have collaborated on a project entitled the National Agricultural Higher Education Project (NAHEP) to improve agricultural higher education in India, paving the way for sustainable higher education in agriculture. As part of this project, the present investigation was carried out through national-level workshops involving seven State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) across India, with participants from academia and industry, to strengthen ‘academia–industry collaboration’ through effective linkages. Based on the responses of 199 respondents from academia and industry, the study demonstrates an absolute need for linkages between universities and industries (p < 0.001), which are perceived to help improve higher education sustainably. Academic institutions believe that such linkages benefit students concerning their employability, entrepreneurial skills, and financial support received. At the same time, industries believe that they would benefit from novel technologies and influencing academic curricula. This article also establishes an alliance between some parts of academia and industry in the form of MoUs in the identified areas. However, many other areas need more appropriate linkage models. Both sectors, i.e., academia and industry, concur that such exposure and collaboration between the two entities will help to improve the quality of education. Moreover, such collaborations provide financial support, increase students’ employability, and improve their entrepreneurial skills. Among the areas requiring collaboration, the ‘capacity building of students’ was rated most important by academia and industry. Overall, the present study has significant implications for university administrators and industry leaders involved in enhancing academia–industry cooperation and improving the quality and sustainability of higher education in agriculture. Further, the study greatly contributes to the National Education Policy (NEP) to promote innovation among the student communities through Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs) and to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The present study was carried out with the objective of understanding the stated interest of agricultural students in entrepreneurship and to provide an accurate research report for decision-makers, for developing entrepreneurship in India. In the present investigation, a two-stage sampling procedure was employed. In the first stage, cluster sampling was used to select the state agricultural universities (SAUs) in India. In the second stage, simple random sampling was performed to select student respondents from each SAU. Data were collected from 1797 agricultural students (second stage units) from 17 SAUs out of 74 (first stage units) studying a bachelor’s/master’s degree program and analyzed to infer outcomes related to entrepreneurship. Variables such as basic information, job interest, motivational factors, hurdles to becoming an entrepreneur, awareness about government schemes, and essential hard and soft skills were measured. Data were analyzed using frequencies, chi-square test (X²), rank-based quotient (RBQ), and binary logistic regression (BLR) analyses. The survey results revealed that “entrepreneurship” was given a lower preference by the majority; as a result, there was less motivation for students from family members. However, about 78% of students showed interest in becoming an entrepreneur. Significant areas of entrepreneurial interest for the observed students included, in order are digital agriculture < input production < marketing < farming < advisory services < dairying < financial services < poultry < developing eLearning material for farmers < and other jobs. This study demonstrates the need for Career Development Centers (CDCs), government support, and awareness and incentives regarding entrepreneurship through effective policy interventions, to protect entrepreneurs from the potential risk of business losses. This research outcome substantially contributes to the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG-4, quality education), through the soft skill development of the students, resulting in innovative agri-entrepreneurs. The present research suggested some policy implications to promote entrepreneurship more widely, which may also help other developing countries to frame potential regulations for agricultural education and entrepreneurial activities.