This review analyses predominant pathways of non-radiative recombination losses in perovskite light-emitting diodes, followed by a summary of recent advances in reducing such losses as well as future directions toward the radiative limit.

The p-i-n structure for perovskite solar cells has recently shown significant advantages in minimal hysteresis effects, and scalable manufacturing potential using low-temperature solution processing.

Perovskite solar cells hold great promise for space photovoltaics. Long-term stability affected by space radiation is the greatest difficulty, so researching radiation damage and reinforcement strategies can enhance their space deployment potential.