The detection of zero-day attacks remains one of the most critical challenges in cybersecurity. This systematic literature review delves into the various methods employed for detecting zero-day attacks, identifying both the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches. By critically evaluating existing literature, this review provides new insights and highlights the gaps that future research must address. The findings suggest that while machine learning and artificial intelligence offer promising solutions, there are significant challenges related to data availability, algorithmic complexity, and real-time application. This review contributes to the field by providing a comprehensive analysis of current methods and proposing future research directions to enhance zero-day attack detection. The recent CrowdStrike incident, where the company successfully thwarted a sophisticated zero-day attack, underscores the importance and urgency of advancing our detection capabilities.

With today's real economy of global slowdown and minefield, sustainability is showing signs that barebone ICT tools spending which are currently crucial for tomorrow's new field competitiveness is unavoidable. Legacy framework spending during bubbling economy that was initially designed for greenfield larger complex enterprise have overload traditional SME's cost sensitive battlefield cramped under evolving infrastructure expectations. While positive technology adoptions have been vastly reviewed in the past, there is great importance on how change management will be applied in an environment of restricted volatile resources. From the primary survey findings in this paper, the research has validated that Malaysia's SMEs are still immature in their preparation to battle the volatile ICT landscape. This paper proposes an alignment of the factors behind the approaches for technology change in the area of severity, survival, differentiating and the weapon use in business.

Information technology infrastructure investment is a central issue for Malaysia medium size enterprises facing scarcity resource during economic turbulence. In this paper, we propose a cost-effective resource pooling capacity building the solution that optimizes on demand service. Further, we examine the suitability of legacy theories for a commodity of IT infrastructure and disruptive technology. Our argument opens up a helicopter angle of the strategic investment correlation between the proposed consolidated infrastructure features and important organizational variables for economic sustainable. The research was conducted via survey questionnaire with data compiled from 100 respondents in Peninsular Malaysia and is to test-retest the reliability of the previous 122 respondents for information consistency. The findings of the research ascertain that un-optimized and un-reusabilities of existing desktop are two significant determinants of infrastructure investment. Our findings further show that inefficient utilization gap is a distal determinant of investment, exerting its influence indirectly from the over investment and over budget. The analysis lead us to propose an organic rapid elasticity infrastructure service that will grow or shrink with the business performance. We discuss the contribution of the research findings for Exostructure as a Service framework while concluding the urgent need to revitalize the computing requirements.

This research investigates the effective implementation of AES encryption techniques, combined with Generative AI, to ensure secure communication on personal social media platforms. The research aims to propose strategies for improving encryption implementation, enhancing usability for easy adoption, and exploring the potential for increased profitability while maintaining security. The research methodology includes a mixed mode to collect data on encryption practices, challenges, and perceptions in social media platforms. The research concludes that the findings will offer valuable insights into the effectiveness, usability, and potential impact of AES encryption techniques, powered by Generative AI, on secure communication while assessing the potential economic benefits and growth of enhanced encryption implementation. The results of this research will contribute to developing robust encryption strategies, user-centred design principles, and cost-effective encryption solutions, ultimately strengthening the security of user communications on personal social media platforms to mitigate cybercrime.

Games have existed since time immemorial and have proved to significantly change people’s mentality and attitudes towards countless scenarios. Games can be either physical or mental, for example, sports and chess. Games have developed over the past decades, having gone through significant changes via digitization. Games nowadays are at everyone’s disposal since almost everyone possesses a smartphone. Videogame such as PUBG, Call of Duty mobile, Fortnite, and more are very addictive games that consume a lot of our time daily. Although games are ‘time wasters’, we should acknowledge the one thing that games offer: this is the constant testing, and learning a simple game engages the brain proves that games are an asset in mental development and thus gamification can be used to provide a fun learning environment. In this article, we discuss how gamification has been implemented in various applications over the years, people’s take on gamification and gamified apps from a survey and interview conducted, and thereafter design a student-oriented gamified study app, Gamesy, that makes use of game elements to improve performance in school and change/improve study habits in a game environment via progressive game design. With this, better performance may be realized in the tertiary education level, university, and college.

Background: The use of traditional mobility datasets, such as travel surveys and census data, has significantly impacted various disciplines, including transportation, urban sensing, criminology, and healthcare. However, because these datasets represent only discrete instances of measurement, they miss continuous temporal shifts in human activities, failing to record the majority of human mobility patterns in real-time. Bolstered by the rapid expansion of telecommunication networks and the ubiquitous use of smartphones, mobile phone network data (MPND) played a pivotal role in fighting and controlling the spread of COVID-19. Methods: We conduct an extensive review of the state-of-the-art and recent advancements in the application of MPND for analyzing the early and post-stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Additionally, we evaluate and assess the included studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Furthermore, we apply bibliometric analysis to visualize publication structures, co-authorship networks, and keyword co-occurrence networks. Results: After the full-text screening process against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, our systematic literature review identified 55 studies that utilized MPND in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: 46 (83.6%) were quantitative, and 9 (16.4%) were qualitative. These quantitative studies can be classified into five main groups: monitoring and tracking of human mobility patterns (n = 11), investigating the correlation between mobility patterns and the spread of COVID-19 (n = 7), analyzing the recovery of economic activities and travel patterns (n = 5), assessing factors associated with NPI compliance (n = 5), and investigating the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) measures on human behaviors, urban dynamics, and economic activity (n = 18). In addition, our findings indicate that NPI measures had a significant impact on reducing human movement and dynamics. However, demographics, political party affiliation, socioeconomic inequality, and racial inequality had a significant impact on population adherence to NPI measures, which could increase disease spread and delay social and economic recovery. Conclusion: The usage of MPND for monitoring and tracking human activities and mobility patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic raises privacy implications and ethical concerns. Thus, striking a balance between meeting the ethical requirements and maintaining privacy risks should be further discovered and investigated in the future.