International audienceExperiments were carried out on a pilot scale rotary kiln equipped with lifters at room temperature to investigate the effects of the kiln slope, rotational speed, mass flow rate of materials, and exit dam height on the hold-up and the mean residence time (MRT). The MRT was determined from the residence time distribution measurements as detailed in Part I of this work. Two granular solids having different properties were used: sand and broken rice. Furthermore, two shapes of lifters were compared to determine the influence of lifter geometry: straight lifters (SL) and rectangular lifters (RL). A new model to predict the MRT was established by means of a dimensional analysis. The correlation not only gave good agreement with the experimental data from the present study, but also demonstrated good predictive performances when applied to published experimental data of other kilns; the model is applicable for inclined kilns that process materials in cascading (tumbling) motion, whether or not equipped with lifters or fitted with dams at the outlet end

Vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) and density data for binary systems of branched alkanes + ethyl acetate are scarce in the literature. In this study, the binary mixtures 3-methylpentane + ethyl acetate and 2,3-dimethylbutane + ethyl acetate were investigated. Density measurements at atmospheric pressure were performed using a vibrating tube density meter at 293.15, 298.15 and 303.15 K. Large and positive excess molar volumes were calculated and correlated using a Redlich–Kister-type equation. Isobaric VLE data at 101.3 kPa were obtained using a Gillespie-type recirculation ebulliometer. Equilibrium compositions were determined indirectly from density measurements. The experimental data were checked for consistency by means of the Fredenslund test and the Wisniak (L-W) test and were then successfully correlated using the NRTL model. The newly studied binary systems display high deviations from ideality and minimum boiling azeotropes, the coordinates of which are reported in this work.