Objective: The aim of this study is to develop an integrated definition and a conceptual model covering the dimensions of disaster literacy.Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify the definitions and conceptual frameworks of disaster literacy. The content analysis of definitions and conceptual frameworks were conducted to identify the central dimensions of disaster literacy and to develop an integrated model.Results: In this study, 8 disaster literacy definitions and 4 conceptual model studies related to disasters were found. In line with these studies, a comprehensive definition of disaster literacy was presented. In addition, based on content analysis, a 16-matrix integrative conceptual model of the mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery dimensions of disaster literacy, and the access, understanding, appraisal, and application areas of disaster information processing were developed.Conclusions: In this study, a comprehensive definition and conceptual framework of disaster literacy were presented in an integrated model. By using this model, practices that are special to the phases of a disaster can be identified and supported in society. In addition, the model can contribute to empirical studies by providing the basis for the development of tools to measure disaster literacy.

Objective: This study aimed to design and develop a self-report Disaster Literacy Scale (DLS) tool that could evaluate the knowledge and skills of an individual specific to Turkish society. Method: Item development, expert opinions, language control, pilot study and field testing processes were monitored in the measurement tool based on a conceptual model and recognition. Results: 23 items were taken out since their common variance values (>0,508, >0.500, >0.500, >0.400, respectively) and factor load relationship (>0.46, >0.50, >0.50, >0.50 and >0.55, respectively) in the mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery phases of the Exploratory Factor Analysis were insufficient. The Cronbach Alpha value of the remaining 61 items in the Disaster Literary Scale is 0.954 and between 0.83-0.88 in lower dimensions. DLS scoring was standardized between 0-50 points. Conclusions: The objectives, scopes, limitations and steps of the design and development process of the Disaster Literacy Scale were given in detail and made understandable for other societies. The Disaster Literacy Scale was developed as a self-report scale that could evaluate the knowledge and skills of Turkish society in disasters. The Disaster Literacy Scale is, therefore, expected to be accepted in more countries to improve the understanding of disaster literacy in different societies.

The scientific advancement of the disaster medicine concept started approximately five decades ago. Different disciplines, such as public health, emergency health services, emergency medicine, and military medicine, work within the disaster medicine framework. Disaster medicine aimed to ensure that health services and facilities are operational both in the pre- and post-disaster periods to prevent and reduce the negative health circumstances of the society facing disaster risks. It is a discipline with slow scientific progress due to unclearly systematized multidisciplinary structure and sub-study areas. However, important targets regarding the field of disaster medicine were indicated in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 published by the United Nations. Among the global goals of disaster medicine, are to reduce the number of deaths and injuries, reduce the number of affected people, strengthen critical facility infrastructure, and ensure functional sustainably of these facilities during disasters. To achieve these goals, disaster medicine is expected to rapidly develop both institutionally and academically. Disaster medicine is a global, mass, administrative, and doctrinal discipline that means beyond clinical studies. Particularly, the development and dissemination of disaster medicine education were emphasized for the first time with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, which was determined globally in 2015. The disaster medicine discipline is seen to reach a very strong point by 2030.

This study was conducted to identify the challenges faced by medical rescue teams during the response phase of sudden-onset disasters and provide a comprehensive understanding of these challenges. Peer-reviewed, English-language articles published until January 2023 that described the challenges faced by medical rescue teams during disaster response were searched in the Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed, and Science Direct databases. The articles were assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) version 2018, a quality evaluation tool, and a qualitative thematic synthesis approach was adopted. A total of 353 publications were identified, and 18 of these met the inclusion criteria. Of the 18 included studies, 8 were review articles, 4 were special reports, 3 were cross-sectional studies, 1 was a mixed methods study, 1 was a qualitative study, and 1 was a short communication. Through qualitative analysis, the challenges faced by medical rescue teams during disaster response were categorized into 6 factors: organizational, individual, environmental and health, logistical, communication and information, and other factors. These factors are significant in terms of issues such as delayed access to disaster victims, disruptions in response processes, and an increase in morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, the findings in our study shed light on future research in the field of disasters and offer opportunities to develop a roadmap for improving the conditions of medical rescue teams.

Objective: This study was performed as a descriptive study in order to determine the perspectives of university students on gender roles.Method: The population of the study was composed of the students who currently study in the department of Emergency and Disaster at the School of Health in Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University. The study was performed with a total of 224 students present at the school on the date when the study was carried out and agreed to participate in the study. The study was conducted between 27 March-28 May 2014.A survey form prepared in accordance with the literature and Gender Roles Attitude Scale (GRAS) were utilized in the study so as to gather the data. The data were evaluated by means of descriptive statistics, t-test, Mann-Whitney U and variance (one-way ANOVA) test.Findings: Among the students who participated in the study, 49.6% of them were male whereas 50.4% were female. In the study, the average of the total scores on the GRAS of the female students was 155,17±16,47 while that of the male students was 129,56±20,52. In regard to the analysis of the sub-dimensions of the GRAS by gender, it was determined that the female students hold more “egalitarian attitudes” on gender roles than the male students do. With respect to the effect of socio-demographic characteristics of the students on their attitudes towards gender roles, it was found out that there was no difference among the students in terms of age, grades, the high school that the students graduated from, place of residence, the presence or absence of working parents, economical levels, number of sisters/brothers, educational status of the parents. However, in regard to the type of family, it was found that the students with an elementary family hold more egalitarian attitudes.Result: The study concluded that the perspectives of the female students and those of the male students are different from each other. These results have revealed that the universities with the objective to raise intellectual individuals should enable their students to gain awareness on gender roles as well as acquire the fundamental vocational information. ÖzetAmaç: Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin bakış açılarını belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Sağlık Yüksekokulu Acil Yardım ve Afet Yönetimi Bölümüne devam eden öğrenciler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın yapıldığı tarihte okulda bulunan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 224 öğrenci çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. Araştırmanın uygulaması 27 Mart-27 Mayıs 2014 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, veri toplamak amacıyla literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanan anket formu ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği (TCRTÖ) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, t-testi, mann-whitney U ve varyans (one-way anova) testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin %49.6’sı erkek, %50.4’ü kız öğrencilerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada öğrencilerin TCRTÖ toplam puan ortalamasının kızlarda 155,17±16,47, erkeklerde 129,56±20,52 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyete göre TCRTÖ alt boyutları incelendiğinde; kız öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilerden daha fazla, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin ‘eşitlikçi tutuma sahip’ olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırmada öğrencilerin sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin tutumları üzerindeki etkisine bakıldığında ise, yaş grupları, sınıflar arası, bitirilen lise, yaşadıkları yer, anne babanın çalışma durumu, ekonomik düzeyleri, kardeş sayıları, anne babanın eğitim durumu açısından aralarında fark olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ancak aile tipi açısından çekirdek aileden gelen öğrencilerin daha eşitlikçi bir yaklaşım sergiledikleri saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Araştırmada kız ve erkek öğrencilerin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin görüşleri arasında fark olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar aydın bireyler yetiştirmeyi hedefleyen üniversitelerde öğrencilere temel mesleki bilginin yanı sıra toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği konusunda duyarlılık kazandırılması gereğini göstermektedir.

Objectives: This study assessed psychological hardiness and compassion satisfaction among the Türk Kızılay (Turkish Red Crescent) personnel and volunteers involved in the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake. Additionally, the relationship between compassion satisfaction and psychological hardiness was also investigated. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and July 2023. Participants completed an online survey, which included the Sociodemographic Information Form, Psychological Hardiness Scale, and Compassion Satisfaction Scale. The data was analyzed with SPSS version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, USA), using a significance level of 95% and p < 0.05. Results: The study involved 400 participants, comprising 84 (21%) personnel and 316 (79%) volunteers. Participants exhibited an average psychological hardiness level of 24.56 ± 7.25 and a compassion satisfaction level of 47.40 ± 17.28. A significant positive correlation was observed between compassion satisfaction and psychological hardiness (r = 0.571; p < 0.001). The results of logistics regression have revealed that the level of psychological hardiness is higher in males compared to females (OR = 1.930, CI = 1.115 − 3.340; P < 0.05) and is also higher in those with high compassion satisfaction compared to those with low compassion satisfaction (OR = 1.386, CI = 1.256 − 1.529; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that individuals involved in disaster response should consider compassion satisfaction as an important tool for enhancing psychological hardiness.