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H. Lund
Aalborg University

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Journal article
Published: 12 June 2021 in iScience
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Summary Addressing climate change with the rising global energy usage necessitates electricity sector decarbonization by rapidly moving toward flexible and efficient off-grid renewable energy systems (RESs). This paper analyzes the wind and solar micro-grids, with batteries and pumped hydro storage for a robust off-grid RES techno-economic operation, while considering diverse multi-objective optimization cases. This research has considered the RES variable operational losses in the developed methodology and relations between different indicators are evaluated, revealing a basic understanding between them. The results reveal that the reliability index is inversely related to the oversupply index, while directly related to the system self-sufficiency index. The cost of energy is more sensitive to technical indicators rather than the storage cost and so can be used as a primary monetary index. Energy and cost balance analysis showed that 16%–20% of the used energy was drained in RES operational losses, which were usually ignored in previous studies.

ACS Style

Muhammad Shahzad Javed; Tao Ma; Navid Mousavi; Salman Ahmed; Henrik Lund; Hongxing Yang; Yanjun Dai. Quantifying Techno-economic Indicators’ Impact on Isolated Renewable Energy Systems. iScience 2021, 24, 102730 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Shahzad Javed, Tao Ma, Navid Mousavi, Salman Ahmed, Henrik Lund, Hongxing Yang, Yanjun Dai. Quantifying Techno-economic Indicators’ Impact on Isolated Renewable Energy Systems. iScience. 2021; 24 (7):102730.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Shahzad Javed; Tao Ma; Navid Mousavi; Salman Ahmed; Henrik Lund; Hongxing Yang; Yanjun Dai. 2021. "Quantifying Techno-economic Indicators’ Impact on Isolated Renewable Energy Systems." iScience 24, no. 7: 102730.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2021 in Energy
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Fourth-generation district heating (4GDH) has been used as a label or expression since 2008 to describe a transition path for decarbonization of the district heating sector and was defined in more detail in 2014. During recent years, several papers have been published on a concept called fifth generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC). This article identifies differences and similarities between 4GDH and 5GDHC regarding aims and abilities. The analysis shows that these two are common not only in the overarching aim of decarbonization but that they also to some extent share the five essential abilities first defined for 4GDH. The main driver for 5GDHC has been a strong focus on combined heating and cooling, using a collective network close to ambient temperature levels as common heat source or sink for building-level heat pumps. It is found that 5GDHC can be regarded as a promising technology with its own merits, yet a complementary technology that may coexist in parallel with other 4GDH technologies. However, the term “generation” implies a chronological succession, and the label 5GDHC does not seem compatible with the established labels 1GDH to 4GDH.

ACS Style

Henrik Lund; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Tore Bach Nielsen; Sven Werner; Jan Eric Thorsen; Oddgeir Gudmundsson; Ahmad Arabkoohsar; Brian Vad Mathiesen. Perspectives on fourth and fifth generation district heating. Energy 2021, 227, 120520 .

AMA Style

Henrik Lund, Poul Alberg Østergaard, Tore Bach Nielsen, Sven Werner, Jan Eric Thorsen, Oddgeir Gudmundsson, Ahmad Arabkoohsar, Brian Vad Mathiesen. Perspectives on fourth and fifth generation district heating. Energy. 2021; 227 ():120520.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Henrik Lund; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Tore Bach Nielsen; Sven Werner; Jan Eric Thorsen; Oddgeir Gudmundsson; Ahmad Arabkoohsar; Brian Vad Mathiesen. 2021. "Perspectives on fourth and fifth generation district heating." Energy 227, no. : 120520.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2021 in Diagnóstico sobre las brechas de inclusión digital en Chile
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EnergyPLAN is an energy system analysis tool created for the study and research in the design of future sustainable energy solutions with a special focus on energy systems with high shares of renewable energy sources. It has been under development since 1999 and has formed the basis for a substantial number of PhD theses and several hundreds of research papers. EnergyPLAN is designed to exploit the synergies enabled from including the whole energy system, as expressed in the smart energy system concept. Thus, with EnergyPLAN, the user can take a holistic approach focusing on the analysis of the cross-sectoral interaction. Traditionally disparate demand sectors, such as buildings, industry and transport, are linked with supply technologies through electricity, gas, district heating and cooling grids. In this way, EnergyPLAN enables the analysis of the conversion of renewable electricity into other energy carriers, such as heat, hydrogen, green gases and electrofuels, as well as the implementation of energy efficiency improvements and energy conservation. This article describes the overall structure of EnergyPLAN and the essential algorithms and computational structure.

ACS Style

Henrik Lund; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Peter Sorknæs; Iva Ridjan Skov; Brian Vad Mathiesen. EnergyPLAN – Advanced analysis of smart energy systems. Diagnóstico sobre las brechas de inclusión digital en Chile 2021, 1, 100007 .

AMA Style

Henrik Lund, Jakob Zinck Thellufsen, Poul Alberg Østergaard, Peter Sorknæs, Iva Ridjan Skov, Brian Vad Mathiesen. EnergyPLAN – Advanced analysis of smart energy systems. Diagnóstico sobre las brechas de inclusión digital en Chile. 2021; 1 ():100007.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Henrik Lund; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Peter Sorknæs; Iva Ridjan Skov; Brian Vad Mathiesen. 2021. "EnergyPLAN – Advanced analysis of smart energy systems." Diagnóstico sobre las brechas de inclusión digital en Chile 1, no. : 100007.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2021 in Energy
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To deal with the high penetration of renewable energy, modern energy systems strive to introduce flexible resources to provide more flexible and higher quality services. This paper focuses on the coordination of flexible resources across different energy carriers under the market environment to accommodate different levels of wind power. The integration of gas, heat and electricity systems providing customers with multiple options for satisfying their energy demands is described. Considering that energy system operators are independent or have limited communication based on the existing market mechanism, an equilibrium problem is first formulated for the optimal scheduling strategy, where each subsystem operator pursues its own benefit. Since there is energy conversion between different energy subsystems, each subsystem operator has to consider the actions of other operators and coordinate with each other until an equilibrium. An illustrative case study is then analyzed to show that the proposed model allows each subsystem operator to make an optimal action for maximizing its profit, and reflects prices and volumes of the energy transaction among energy subsystems. Furthermore, the simulation results indicate that the coordination of flexible resources has significant benefits in the integrated energy system to reduce wind curtailment and improve total social welfare.

ACS Style

Yufei Xi; Jiakun Fang; Zhe Chen; Qing Zeng; Henrik Lund. Optimal coordination of flexible resources in the gas-heat-electricity integrated energy system. Energy 2021, 223, 119729 .

AMA Style

Yufei Xi, Jiakun Fang, Zhe Chen, Qing Zeng, Henrik Lund. Optimal coordination of flexible resources in the gas-heat-electricity integrated energy system. Energy. 2021; 223 ():119729.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yufei Xi; Jiakun Fang; Zhe Chen; Qing Zeng; Henrik Lund. 2021. "Optimal coordination of flexible resources in the gas-heat-electricity integrated energy system." Energy 223, no. : 119729.

Journal article
Published: 13 October 2020 in Energy
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District heating is a well-established system for providing energy efficient space and domestic hot water heating in dwellings in particularly in temperate and cold climate zones. Research have shown that going from the current 3rd generation district heating (3GDH) systems towards 4th generation district heating (4GDH) systems can facilitate a better integration between energy sectors, reduce grid losses and assist the integration of renewable energy sources. This article investigates the economic and energy effects of going from 3GDH to 4GDH for the specific case of Aalborg Municipality, Denmark based on overall hourly energy systems simulations. The analyses include effects from changes in excess heat potentials, changes in grid losses, and changes in efficiencies of conversion units in the district heating. Altogether, the analyses of the Aalborg case reveal that going from 3GDH to 4GDH decreases the primary energy consumption of the entire energy system by around 4.5% and the costs of the system by 2.7%.

ACS Style

Peter Sorknæs; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Henrik Lund; Steffen Nielsen; Søren Djørup; Karl Sperling. The benefits of 4th generation district heating in a 100% renewable energy system. Energy 2020, 213, 119030 .

AMA Style

Peter Sorknæs, Poul Alberg Østergaard, Jakob Zinck Thellufsen, Henrik Lund, Steffen Nielsen, Søren Djørup, Karl Sperling. The benefits of 4th generation district heating in a 100% renewable energy system. Energy. 2020; 213 ():119030.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Sorknæs; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Henrik Lund; Steffen Nielsen; Søren Djørup; Karl Sperling. 2020. "The benefits of 4th generation district heating in a 100% renewable energy system." Energy 213, no. : 119030.

Journal article
Published: 03 September 2020 in Energy
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The goal of this work is to identify the influence which utilization of district heating systems coupled with the power-to-heat technologies based on the flexible operation of coal-based thermal power plants and limited electricity system interconnections can have on the maximum integration of variable renewables. An hourly deterministic tool EnergyPLAN was used for modelling and simulation of Kosovo energy system. Results revealed that Wind and PV power plant capacities of 450 MW and 300 MW respectively can be installed in the actual Kosovo energy system, when operating in an isolated mode. Additional capacities around 800 MW for wind and 385 MW for PV can be integrated into this isolated energy system with the contribution of power-to-heat technologies coupled with thermal energy storage in district heating with a fixed capacity. Furthermore, it was found that separate integration of wind can contribute to decease total primary energy supply and CO2 emissions for 3.34 TWh/year and 1.08 Mt compared to the referent scenario. Total primary energy supply and CO2 emission savings for separate integration of PV power plant compared with the referent scenario were estimated 2.74 TWh/year and 0.5 Mt respectively. Finally, the combined integration of variable renewable energy sources (1MWW+1MWPV) contributed to 3.29 TWh/year total primary energy supply and 1.02 Mt CO2 emissions savings.

ACS Style

Drilon Meha; Antun Pfeifer; Neven Duić; Henrik Lund. Increasing the integration of variable renewable energy in coal-based energy system using power to heat technologies: The case of Kosovo. Energy 2020, 212, 118762 .

AMA Style

Drilon Meha, Antun Pfeifer, Neven Duić, Henrik Lund. Increasing the integration of variable renewable energy in coal-based energy system using power to heat technologies: The case of Kosovo. Energy. 2020; 212 ():118762.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Drilon Meha; Antun Pfeifer; Neven Duić; Henrik Lund. 2020. "Increasing the integration of variable renewable energy in coal-based energy system using power to heat technologies: The case of Kosovo." Energy 212, no. : 118762.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2020 in Energy Conversion and Management
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Promoting cleaner heating is one of the key pathways towards future energy transition. One promising solution is to implement large-scale heat pumps into the existing heat supply system. This paper aims to investigate whether the integration of large-scale heat pumps can be the first feasible step for cities towards clean heating transition. As opposed to the traditional way of conducting independent energy planning within a single city/region, this paper presents a novel approach of employing integrated planning for the multiple neighboring regions to explore the advantages of interregional energy collaboration. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) urban agglomeration is taken as a case study, which is the most polluted region in China caused by the coal-based heating system. By implementing a series of simulations for the heating and power systems in the EnergyPLAN tool for six predesigned future scenarios which consider different planning strategies and analysis focuses, this paper analyzes to what extent heat pumps can help to achieve energy and environmental improvement for the whole BTH region by 2030 while ensuring economic feasibility. This is done by creating three independent models for respective Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, and one integrated model for the whole BTH region. The results suggest that when guaranteeing economic feasibility, the integration of large-scale heat pumps can potentially result in at least 9.5% energy saving and 9.28% reduced CO2 emission compared to the baseline. The integrated planning strategy can furthermore be more efficient in the urban agglomeration, which reduces 1.92% and 2.27% more energy and emissions in 2030 compared to the independent planning results. Based on cost analysis, the maximum economic feasible potential of heat pump penetration is identified as well. This paper can provide references for policymakers in the BTH region and the rest of Northern China, as well as present a principle of energy planning for cities on a general level.

ACS Style

Meng Yuan; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Henrik Lund; Yongtu Liang. The first feasible step towards clean heating transition in urban agglomeration: A case study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 223, 113282 .

AMA Style

Meng Yuan, Jakob Zinck Thellufsen, Henrik Lund, Yongtu Liang. The first feasible step towards clean heating transition in urban agglomeration: A case study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 223 ():113282.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meng Yuan; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Henrik Lund; Yongtu Liang. 2020. "The first feasible step towards clean heating transition in urban agglomeration: A case study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region." Energy Conversion and Management 223, no. : 113282.

Editorial
Published: 06 July 2020 in Energy
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ACS Style

Paula Ferreira; Isabel Soares; Henrik Lund. Engineering and economics perspectives for a sustainable energy transition. Energy 2020, 207, 118288 .

AMA Style

Paula Ferreira, Isabel Soares, Henrik Lund. Engineering and economics perspectives for a sustainable energy transition. Energy. 2020; 207 ():118288.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paula Ferreira; Isabel Soares; Henrik Lund. 2020. "Engineering and economics perspectives for a sustainable energy transition." Energy 207, no. : 118288.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2020 in Energy Conversion and Management
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Compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems are promising for the application of a standalone hybrid system. This study adopts a scenario-based bi-level programming method to design a standalone hybrid system that mainly contains wind turbines, diesel generators (DGs), and a CAES system. The demand response is considered as a deferrable load. The uncertainties on the wind power outputs and load demand are modeled using scenario generation and reduction techniques. The generated scenarios are used in a bi-level programming model for designing the hybrid energy system (HES). The model is composed of an outer planning layer and an inner operation layer. The outer layer optimizes the size of each component in the HES using a quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) method with the objective of minimizing daily total costs including daily investment costs and daily operating costs. On the other hand, the inner layer optimizes the operational strategies of the HES using a sequential quadratic programming method with the objective of minimizing the total operating costs, including the generation and emission costs of the DGs and the degradation cost of the CAES system. The well-established HES tool HOMER is used to validate the results obtained by the developed and adopted models. The results indicate that 1) the QPSO method performs better than the particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm methods. 2) The results obtained by the scenario-based bi-level programming method have an average similarity of approximately 97%, which is very high compared to that of the results obtained by HOMER.

ACS Style

Xiao Xu; Weihao Hu; Di Cao; Qi Huang; Wen Liu; Zhou Liu; Zhe Chen; Henrik Lund. Designing a standalone wind-diesel-CAES hybrid energy system by using a scenario-based bi-level programming method. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 211, 112759 .

AMA Style

Xiao Xu, Weihao Hu, Di Cao, Qi Huang, Wen Liu, Zhou Liu, Zhe Chen, Henrik Lund. Designing a standalone wind-diesel-CAES hybrid energy system by using a scenario-based bi-level programming method. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 211 ():112759.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiao Xu; Weihao Hu; Di Cao; Qi Huang; Wen Liu; Zhou Liu; Zhe Chen; Henrik Lund. 2020. "Designing a standalone wind-diesel-CAES hybrid energy system by using a scenario-based bi-level programming method." Energy Conversion and Management 211, no. : 112759.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2020 in Energies
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This paper addresses economic aspects of heat savings in the context of strategic heat planning. The analysis uses the city of Aalborg, Denmark, as a case where municipalisation through a recent acquisition of a coal-fired cogeneration of heat and power (CHP) plant has made an update of a municipal strategic energy plan necessary. Combining datasets on buildings and insulation techniques with economic methods, we investigate how the local district heating tariff can be adapted to improve the conditions for heat savings and support the transition to lower supply temperatures in line with the requirements of future fourth generation district heating systems. The paper concludes that implementing a fully variable heat tariff scheme improves the financial incentive for heat savings, while also making the system development less vulnerable to fluctuations and shortages in capital markets. The paper supplements existing literature on heat savings with novelty in its approach and in its systematic investigation of the interplay between tariff policies and interest rates.

ACS Style

Søren Djørup; Karl Sperling; Steffen Nielsen; Poul Alborg Østergaard; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Peter Sorknæs; Henrik Lund; David Drysdale. District Heating Tariffs, Economic Optimisation and Local Strategies during Radical Technological Change. Energies 2020, 13, 1172 .

AMA Style

Søren Djørup, Karl Sperling, Steffen Nielsen, Poul Alborg Østergaard, Jakob Zinck Thellufsen, Peter Sorknæs, Henrik Lund, David Drysdale. District Heating Tariffs, Economic Optimisation and Local Strategies during Radical Technological Change. Energies. 2020; 13 (5):1172.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Søren Djørup; Karl Sperling; Steffen Nielsen; Poul Alborg Østergaard; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Peter Sorknæs; Henrik Lund; David Drysdale. 2020. "District Heating Tariffs, Economic Optimisation and Local Strategies during Radical Technological Change." Energies 13, no. 5: 1172.

Short communication
Published: 23 January 2020 in Science of Computer Programming
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EnergyPLAN is an energy system analysis tool used worldwide for scientific analyses of national and regional energy planning strategies and alternatives. This work describes the MATLAB Toolbox for EnergyPLAN (MaT4EnergyPLAN), a set of functions developed to manage the EnergyPLAN software using MATLAB. The tool allows the user to take advantage of the energy system analysis capabilities of EnergyPLAN in combination with the computational advantages of MATLAB. This allows the user to easily manage EnergyPLAN files and analyse a large number of EnergyPLAN simulations.

ACS Style

Pedro Cabrera; Henrik Lund; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Peter Sorknæs. The MATLAB Toolbox for EnergyPLAN: A tool to extend energy planning studies. Science of Computer Programming 2020, 191, 102405 .

AMA Style

Pedro Cabrera, Henrik Lund, Jakob Zinck Thellufsen, Peter Sorknæs. The MATLAB Toolbox for EnergyPLAN: A tool to extend energy planning studies. Science of Computer Programming. 2020; 191 ():102405.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Cabrera; Henrik Lund; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Peter Sorknæs. 2020. "The MATLAB Toolbox for EnergyPLAN: A tool to extend energy planning studies." Science of Computer Programming 191, no. : 102405.

Editorial
Published: 31 October 2019 in Energy
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ACS Style

Antonio Piacentino; Pietro Catrini; Natasa Markovska; Zvonimir Guzović; Brian Vad Mathiesen; Simone Ferrari; Neven Duić; Henrik Lund. Editorial: Sustainable development of energy, Water and Environment Systems. Energy 2019, 190, 116432 .

AMA Style

Antonio Piacentino, Pietro Catrini, Natasa Markovska, Zvonimir Guzović, Brian Vad Mathiesen, Simone Ferrari, Neven Duić, Henrik Lund. Editorial: Sustainable development of energy, Water and Environment Systems. Energy. 2019; 190 ():116432.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Piacentino; Pietro Catrini; Natasa Markovska; Zvonimir Guzović; Brian Vad Mathiesen; Simone Ferrari; Neven Duić; Henrik Lund. 2019. "Editorial: Sustainable development of energy, Water and Environment Systems." Energy 190, no. : 116432.

Editorial
Published: 10 October 2019 in Energy
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This short paper introduces the contents of selected papers from the 4th International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and 4th Generation District Heating – SES4DH. All of the papers elaborate on or contribute to the theoretical scientific understanding on how we can design and implement a suitable and least-cost transformation into a sustainable energy future with a focus on the important role of district heating and cooling technologies.

ACS Style

Henrik Lund; Neven Duic; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Brian Vad Mathiesen. Perspectives on Smart Energy Systems from the SES4DH 2018 conference. Energy 2019, 190, 116318 .

AMA Style

Henrik Lund, Neven Duic, Poul Alberg Østergaard, Brian Vad Mathiesen. Perspectives on Smart Energy Systems from the SES4DH 2018 conference. Energy. 2019; 190 ():116318.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Henrik Lund; Neven Duic; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Brian Vad Mathiesen. 2019. "Perspectives on Smart Energy Systems from the SES4DH 2018 conference." Energy 190, no. : 116318.

Review
Published: 01 October 2019 in Energy
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ACS Style

Elisa Guelpa; Aldo Bischi; Vittorio Verda; Michael Chertkov; Henrik Lund. Towards future infrastructures for sustainable multi-energy systems: A review. Energy 2019, 184, 2 -21.

AMA Style

Elisa Guelpa, Aldo Bischi, Vittorio Verda, Michael Chertkov, Henrik Lund. Towards future infrastructures for sustainable multi-energy systems: A review. Energy. 2019; 184 ():2-21.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Guelpa; Aldo Bischi; Vittorio Verda; Michael Chertkov; Henrik Lund. 2019. "Towards future infrastructures for sustainable multi-energy systems: A review." Energy 184, no. : 2-21.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2019 in Energies
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Energy systems in cities need to be decarbonized and are becoming more integrated via energy sector coupling. Today, cities often use simple methods to assess their low carbon targets, e.g., carbon calculators, and these methods use annualized carbon reduction potentials. For example, reductions from heat savings in buildings or fuel demand in transport. This is done because it is simple and fast. This paper describes a methodology that goes beyond carbon calculators and assesses highly renewable energy systems. The methodology is carried out for a case city—Sønderborg, Denmark. Using a national 100% renewable energy study and a suitable energy system analysis tool (EnergyPLAN), the method accounts for inter-sector coupling and energy system dynamics. The energy system is assessed by comparing the results from the analysis tool against numerous key sustainability factors for a Smart Energy System. The paper illustrates how the method delivers a sustainable 100% renewable Smart Energy System for Sønderborg, which can be part of the Danish energy system in 2050 based on local resources. The paper discusses the broader applicability of the method within strategic energy planning.

ACS Style

David Drysdale; Brian Vad Mathiesen; Henrik Lund. From Carbon Calculators to Energy System Analysis in Cities. Energies 2019, 12, 2307 .

AMA Style

David Drysdale, Brian Vad Mathiesen, Henrik Lund. From Carbon Calculators to Energy System Analysis in Cities. Energies. 2019; 12 (12):2307.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Drysdale; Brian Vad Mathiesen; Henrik Lund. 2019. "From Carbon Calculators to Energy System Analysis in Cities." Energies 12, no. 12: 2307.

Review article
Published: 07 June 2019 in Energy
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The environmental impact of the energy sector and the security and economics of energy supply and utilization have been raising increasing concerns, stimulating the search for innovative solutions for a sustainable use of resources. This article provides an overview of published research in this area, with a focus on papers contributed in special issues of leading journals dedicated to the series of Conferences on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES), including the articles in the current special issue. Based on this review, research trends are identified and achievements supporting the energy transition are highlighted. The studies that focused on regional or urban energy planning have aimed at (a) increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, (b) optimizing the mix of centralized and distributed technologies (c) introducing additional flexibility in the power sector and (d) identifying solutions for sustainable heating. Conversely, researches focused on single plants or users have targeted the development of technologies for efficient energy use in industry and buildings, with emphasis on multi-generation and waste heat utilisation. The review highlights that future scenarios based on sustainable energy systems are viable, although their implementation will require further efforts by researchers and investors and active involvement of consumers.

ACS Style

Antonio Piacentino; Neven Duic; Natasa Markovska; Brian Vad Mathiesen; Zvonimir Guzović; Valerie Eveloy; Henrik Lund. Sustainable and cost-efficient energy supply and utilisation through innovative concepts and technologies at regional, urban and single-user scales. Energy 2019, 182, 254 -268.

AMA Style

Antonio Piacentino, Neven Duic, Natasa Markovska, Brian Vad Mathiesen, Zvonimir Guzović, Valerie Eveloy, Henrik Lund. Sustainable and cost-efficient energy supply and utilisation through innovative concepts and technologies at regional, urban and single-user scales. Energy. 2019; 182 ():254-268.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Piacentino; Neven Duic; Natasa Markovska; Brian Vad Mathiesen; Zvonimir Guzović; Valerie Eveloy; Henrik Lund. 2019. "Sustainable and cost-efficient energy supply and utilisation through innovative concepts and technologies at regional, urban and single-user scales." Energy 182, no. : 254-268.

Journal article
Published: 18 March 2019 in Energy
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This article shows that research in the design of 100% renewable energy systems in scientific articles is fairly new but has gained increasing attention in recent years. In total, 180 articles published since 2004 have been identified and analysed. Many of these articles have a predominant focus on the electricity sector. However, an increasing number of studies apply a cross-sectoral holistic approach on the entire energy system. Most studies analyse energy systems for the final 100% renewable state, while a small, though increasing, number also investigate energy transition pathways; how to reach the target. Europe, and thereafter the US and Australia, are well researched, while other parts of the world lack behind, and there is a focus on individual country studies. Henceforward, there is a need for applying a cross-sectoral holistic approach as well as coordinating individual country studies with the global context.

ACS Style

Kenneth Hansen; Christian Breyer; Henrik Lund. Status and perspectives on 100% renewable energy systems. Energy 2019, 175, 471 -480.

AMA Style

Kenneth Hansen, Christian Breyer, Henrik Lund. Status and perspectives on 100% renewable energy systems. Energy. 2019; 175 ():471-480.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kenneth Hansen; Christian Breyer; Henrik Lund. 2019. "Status and perspectives on 100% renewable energy systems." Energy 175, no. : 471-480.

Journal article
Published: 04 January 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Studies show that energy efficiency should play a significant role towards achieving cost-efficient 100% renewable energy systems. One way to attain cleaner heating solutions for the future is to utilise waste heat from power plants and industry through district heating. In the European Union, approximately 50% of thermal energy is lost in conversion processes. This research paper investigates the potential for the implementation of district heating in a future energy system originally intended not to include district heating. The paper approaches the problem by utilising TIMES modelling to frame the initial future energy system. However, MARKAL/TIMES is not ideal to investigate the operation of different heating scenarios, due to a lack of hourly modelling. Hence, the study utilises EnergyPLAN to investigate the implementation of district heating as an alternative heating scenario to individual heating. EnergyPLAN allows for simulating the hourly operation of not only electricity systems but also heating systems. The study investigates the implementation of district heating in the CO2-80 scenario created with the Irish TIMES model. As the Irish CO2-80 scenario does not include district heating, this study uses EnergyPLAN to simulate an 80% reduction scenario, with and without district heating, to compare the operation of the two systems. A sensitivity analysis is included to reflect on the uncertainties of the study. The results show that a district heating solution is more fuel-efficient while more investment heavy, however the fuel savings more than compensates for the increased investments. In total, the district heating scenario is close to 300 M € cheaper in annual costs than the individual heating scenario for Ireland, and achieves a fuel efficiency increase of 3.5% in the whole energy system due to an efficiency increase in the heating sector. The article shows both the relevance of using multiple models, and the need to consider district heating in a future Irish energy system

ACS Style

Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Steffen Nielsen; Henrik Lund. Implementing cleaner heating solutions towards a future low-carbon scenario in Ireland. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 214, 377 -388.

AMA Style

Jakob Zinck Thellufsen, Steffen Nielsen, Henrik Lund. Implementing cleaner heating solutions towards a future low-carbon scenario in Ireland. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 214 ():377-388.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jakob Zinck Thellufsen; Steffen Nielsen; Henrik Lund. 2019. "Implementing cleaner heating solutions towards a future low-carbon scenario in Ireland." Journal of Cleaner Production 214, no. : 377-388.

Journal article
Published: 09 November 2018 in Energy Conversion and Management
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Variable renewable electricity sources have been shown to reduce wholesale electricity market prices. This is expected to reduce the incentive for investments in new electricity production capacity, and might even make these investments infeasible, if relying only on the income from trade on the current electricity market paradigms. In this paper, a novel approach for quantifying this effect in future energy systems is developed using a holistic energy system approach. The approach is applied to the case of Denmark in 2015, which is part of the Nordic and Baltic wholesale electricity market Nord Pool Spot. A holistic energy system model is created and verified according to both the Danish energy balance and the Nord Pool Spot system price in 2015. Using this verified model, the Nord Pool Spot system price is quantified at increasing amounts of onshore wind power, offshore wind power and photovoltaic in Denmark. It is found that regardless of which variable renewable electricity source is implemented, including a combination of the three, the Nord Pool Spot system price decreases as the amount of energy produced by these sources increases, and this effect occurs immediately as more is introduced.

ACS Style

Peter Sorknæs; Søren Roth Djørup; Henrik Lund; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen. Quantifying the influence of wind power and photovoltaic on future electricity market prices. Energy Conversion and Management 2018, 180, 312 -324.

AMA Style

Peter Sorknæs, Søren Roth Djørup, Henrik Lund, Jakob Zinck Thellufsen. Quantifying the influence of wind power and photovoltaic on future electricity market prices. Energy Conversion and Management. 2018; 180 ():312-324.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Sorknæs; Søren Roth Djørup; Henrik Lund; Jakob Zinck Thellufsen. 2018. "Quantifying the influence of wind power and photovoltaic on future electricity market prices." Energy Conversion and Management 180, no. : 312-324.

Books
Published: 15 October 2018 in Issues in Environmental Science and Technology
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Smart energy systems are a concept to support the design of coherent and sustainable energy supply strategies. A smart energy system is a combination of the currently isolated energy sectors, such as electricity, heating and transport, and it includes three smart energy grid infrastructures, namely the electricity, thermal and gas grids. These grids connect the energy resources with the demands, energy production, energy storage and interconnection points. When these grids and sectors are analysed in detail and assessed as one coherent energy system, a number of synergies can be identified across the sectors, which an approach that considers only one or two sectors could not have done. The two studies ‘IDA's Energy Vision 2050’ and ‘Smart Energy Europe’ are used as case studies to demonstrate and discuss the potential of the smart energy approach. In these studies, different storage options are considered and analysed, and generally it is found that hydroelectric storage, batteries in electric vehicles, thermal storage in district heating systems and storage of renewable electrofuels are important and provide a cost-efficient flexibility to the overall energy system. However, large-scale batteries on the grid level and stationary batteries in buildings are not found feasible in an energy system perspective.

ACS Style

Susana Paardekooper; Rasmus Lund; Henrik Lund. Smart Energy Systems. Issues in Environmental Science and Technology 2018, 228 -260.

AMA Style

Susana Paardekooper, Rasmus Lund, Henrik Lund. Smart Energy Systems. Issues in Environmental Science and Technology. 2018; ():228-260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Susana Paardekooper; Rasmus Lund; Henrik Lund. 2018. "Smart Energy Systems." Issues in Environmental Science and Technology , no. : 228-260.