This study aimed to optimize machining parameters to obtain better surface roughness and remnant depth ratio values under dry turning of NiTi-shape memory alloy (SMA). During the turning experiments, various machining parameters were used, including three different cutting speeds v_c (105, 144, and 200 m/min), three different feed rates f (0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mm/rev), and three different depths of cut a_p (0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 mm). The effects of machining parameters in turning experiments were investigated on the response surface methodology (RSM) with Box–Behnken design (BBD) using the Design Expert 11; how the cutting parameters affect the surface quality is discussed in detail. In this context, the cutting parameters were successfully optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA). The optimized processing parameters are v_c = 126 m/min, f = 0.11 mm/rev, a_p = 0.14 mm, resulting in surface roughness and remnant depth ratio values of 0.489 μm and 64.13%, respectively.