This article studies the morphological and physicochemical properties of soils in the natural habitat of dandelion kok-saghyz (Taraxacum kok-saghyz L.E. Rodin) (TKS)—a source of high-quality rubber. The purpose of the work is to study the natural soil habitat of dandelion TKS in comparison with the nearby area where TKS is absent. The methods of soil research are comparative, geographical, morphological, and analytical. Soil sections were laid down and georeferenced, and relief, vegetation, and morphological structures of soil profiles by genetic horizons were described. A database of the physical and chemical properties of soils by horizon was created. Landscapes and soil conditions of in situ populations have been studied in the Kegen District of the Almaty region in the territory of the Kegen River floodplain, in the areas of the Jalauly and Kegen villages, and in the zone of groundwater inclination north of Saryzhas village. The natural soil habitat of TKS was studied. It was found that TKS grows in conditions of moisture floodplains of intermountain valleys on saline floodplain meadowy soils of a sulfate–sodium composition with a high content of total humus and nutrient elements in an alkaline environment.

The production of sugar beet in the Republic of Kazakhstan is insufficient to meet the domestic sugar needs of the population. This shortfall is attributed to the natural and climatic conditions, the high cost of production, and the low use of mineral fertilizers. The objective of the study is to investigate the impact of the organic humic fertilizer “Tumat” on the growth, development, yield, and sugar content of sugar beet in the conditions of irrigated light chestnut soils in Southeast Kazakhstan. Scientific research confirms the effectiveness of using the organic humic fertilizer Tumat for cultivating sugar beets. This fertilizer is highly bioavailable and contains a balanced mix of essential macronutrients and micronutrients, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and other biologically active substances. Foliar feeding of sugar beets enriches the soil with exchangeable potassium, mobile phosphorus, and easily hydrolyzable nitrogen during the plant’s vegetative period. Using the Tumat fertilizer enhances plant germination rates by 6.0–16.0%, stimulates growth and development, accelerates the ripening of sugar beets, and increases the yield of tubers by 10.5–15.2%, sugar content by 0.4–0.7%, and sugar output by 13.6–20.8%. An organic humic fertilizer, is recommended as an environmentally safe and effective agricultural product that boosts the productivity and quality of sugar beets, as well as soil fertility.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different fertilizer treatments on the growth, yield, and nutrient content of two sugar beet cultivars, Aksu (Kazakhstan) and Yampol (Poland), cultivated in the Almaty region of Kazakhstan. The experiment was conducted using a complete randomized block design with three replicates, comprising six treatments: control (without fertilizer), N120P120K90, and N130P130K130 for both cultivars. The soil's physical and chemical properties were analyzed, revealing a foothill light chestnut soil with favorable nutrient levels. Results indicated that the N130P130K130 treatment significantly increased soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents, leading to enhanced sugar beet growth, nutrient uptake, and yield. Both cultivars responded positively to the increased nutrient levels, with the N130P130K130 treatment showing the highest yield of 785.6 tons/ha for Aksu and 802.5 tons/ha for Yampol. Furthermore, nutrient content in tubers and leaves was significantly higher in the N130P130K130 treatment compared to other treatments. These findings underscore the importance of balanced nutrient management tailored to specific cultivars for optimizing sugar beet productivity and soil fertility in diverse agro-climatic conditions. Adopting balanced mineral nutrient management approaches could offer promising solutions to enhance sugar beet productivity and sustainability. Future research should focus on exploring long-term effects and integrated nutrient management strategies for sustainable sugar beet cultivation.

The production of sugar beet in the Republic of Kazakhstan is insufficient to meet the do-mestic sugar needs of the population. This shortfall is attributed to the natural and climatic conditions, the high cost of production, and the low use of mineral fertilizers. The objective of the study is to investigate the impact of the organic humic fertilizer "Tumat" on the growth, development, yield, and sugar content of sugar beet in the conditions of irrigated light chestnut soils in Southeast Kazakhstan. The research employed widely accepted methods of field experiments and laboratory studies from the Commonwealth of Inde-pendent States. Scientific research confirms the effectiveness of using the organic humic fertilizer "Tumat" for cultivating sugar beets. This fertilizer is highly bioavailable and con-tains a balanced mix of essential macronutrients and micronutrients, polyunsaturated fat-ty acids, and other biologically active substances. Foliar feeding of sugar beets enriches the soil with exchangeable potassium, mobile phosphorus, and easily hydrolyzable nitrogen during the plant's vegetative period. Using "Tumat" fertilizer improves seed germination, stimulates growth and development, accelerates the ripening of sugar beets, and enhances tuber yield and sugar content. "Tumat," an organic humic fertilizer, is recommended as an environmentally safe and effective agricultural product that boosts the productivity and quality of sugar beets, as well as soil fertility.

Light sierozem of the south-east of Kazakhstan are characterized by a low humus content, weak structure and limited moisture capacity, which causes their relatively low level of natural fertility and limits the productivity of agricultural crops. In the context of agricultural intensification, an urgent task is to find environmentally safe and cost-effective ways to increase corn yields for grain. The present study evaluates the effect of organic humic fertilizer Atmas on the growth, development and productivity of corn. It has been established that the use of humic fertilizer stimulates plant development and increases the mobility of nutrients in the rhizosphere. This ensures a more intensive formation of the root system, improves the absorption of macro and microelements and helps to increase the resistance of plants to stress factors of the arid climate. As a result, grain yield increased to 13.2-15.9 t/ha, providing an increase from 4.7 to 26.1% compared with the control. Thus, Atmas organic humic fertilizer is an effective means of increasing corn productivity for grain in light sierozem, ensuring sustainable crop formation, improving the agrochemical properties of the soil and increasing the economic efficiency of crop cultivation.

Spring barley is one of the strategically important grain crops, characterized by high plasticity, early ripening and a wide range of economic applications. The area of spring barley cultivation in Kazakhstan is more than 2 million hectares. The selection and study of the effect of humic fertilizers on the growth and development of spring barley in Bogara conditions is an urgent research task. According to our field and laboratory studies, the use of humic fertilizers has a beneficial effect on the growth and development of spring barley in light gray soils with low availability of humus and mobile macronutrients. Humates activate the microbiota, stabilize soil moisture and increase nutrient absorption. In conditions of drought during the earing and grain filling period, due to a sharp increase in the average daily temperature and a decrease in soil moisture, the effectiveness of humic fertilizers decreases. Humic fertilizers can remain effective under the condition of growing drought-resistant varieties of spring barley with a short growing season (75-80 days) in combination with leaf fertilizers with humates and adapted agricultural techniques, taking into account the long-term agrometeorological forecast.