Chinese Bama Yao Autonomous County is a well-known longevity region in the world. In the past 30 years, population and genome studies were undertaken to investigate the secret of longevity and showed that longevity is the result of a combination of multiple factors, such as genetic, environmental and other causes. In this study, characteristics of the blood plasma proteomic and autoantibody profiles of people from Bama longevity family were investigated. Sixty-six plasma donors from Chinese Bama longevity area were recruited in this study. Thirty-three offsprings of longevous families were selected as case studies (Longevous group) and 33 ABO (blood type), age, and gender-matched subjects from non-longevous families were selected as controls (Normal group). Each group contains 3 biological replicates. Tandem mass tag-based proteomic technique was used to investigate the differentially expressed plasma proteins between the two groups. The auto-reactive IgG antibody profiles of the 3 pooled samples in each group were revealed by human proteome microarrays with 17,000 recombinant human proteins. Firstly, 525 plasma proteins were quantified and 12 proteins were discovered differentially expressed between the two groups. Secondly, more than 500 proteins were recognized by plasma antibodies, 14 proteins ware differentially reacted with the autoantibodies in the two groups. Bioinformatics analysis showed some of the differential proteins and targeted autoantigens were involved in cancer, cardiovascular disease and immunity. Proteomic and autoantibody profiles varied between the offspring of longevous and normal families which are from the same area and shared the same environmental factors. The identified differences were reported to be involved in several physiological and pathological pathways. The identified proteins will contribute to a better understanding of the proteomic characteristics of people from Bama longevous area and a revelation of the molecular mechanisms of longevity.

The results of clinical trials for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients treated with Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) revealed inconsistency in efficac

Background: Clinical therapeutic human serum albumin (HSA) preparations are typically derived from human plasma and contain various accompanying proteins (APs). Previous studies have documented extensively the disparities in post-translation modifications, redox states and antioxidant capacities among HSA preparations from different manufacturers. Most of these studies have focused primarily on albumin, and analyzing APs in HSA preparations and recombinant HSA (rHSA) was often neglected. Methods: In this study, the APs in human plasma-derived HSA (pHSA) from six Chinese manufacturers and recombinant HSA (rHSA) from yeast and rice were identified and analyzed using a four-dimensional (4D) label-free quantitative proteomic technology. Results: A total of 456 different APs from the six pHSA preparations were identified, with 96 APs consistently detected in all pHSA samples. 52 APs from yeast-produced rHSA were identified, whereas 152 APs were detected in rice-expressed rHSA. Among the detected APs, haptoglobin, hemopexin and transthyretin were among the top eight APs with the highest relative abundance consistently observed in all pHSA preparations. Moreover, the results revealed that the identified APs in pHSA are primarily involved in endopeptidase inhibitor activity, complement and coagulation cascades, biosynthesis of amino acids and cholesterol metabolism by Gene Ontology (GO), Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG)/euKaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and protein–protein interactions (PPI) annotation. The ELISA validation results confirmed the presence of haptoglobin, hemopexin, transthyretin and serotransferrin in pHSA but not in rHSA, aligning with the findings from the 4D label-free quantitative proteomic analysis.